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Planta Med 2022; 88(05): 341-355
DOI: 10.1055/a-1554-6947
Biological and Pharmacological Activity
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A Systematic Review of the Potential Effects of Lippia sidoides on Dental Plaque and Periodontal Diseases

Ellen Lima de Assis
1   Post-graduation Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
,
Felipe Dantas Silveira
1   Post-graduation Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
,
Alan Victor Araújo da Ponte
2   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
,
Rômulo Rocha Regis 
2   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Abstract

Lippia sidoides is a typical shrub from Brazil that has been used in traditional medicine. This is a systematic review on the effect of L. sidoides for controlling dental plaque, gingivitis, and periodontitis. A database search through May 2021 in Medline/PubMed, SCOPUS, BVS, and Web of Science identified 711 reports of which 17 met our inclusion criteria. Five randomized controlled trials and three animal studies were included that compared L. sidoides-based products (toothpaste, mouthrinse, and gel) to cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine, and placebo products. Among the human studies, a significant antiplaque effect after treatment with L. sidoides-based products was observed in three studies and an antigingivitis effect in two studies, similar to chlorhexidine-based products. One study found superior dental plaque reduction compared to cetylpyridinium chloride mouthrinse. Only one study testing a L. sidoides gel found no antiplaque effect. Among the animal studies, an L. sidoides mouthrinse significantly reduced calculus in two studies, inflammatory infiltrate in one study, and plaque bacteria and gingivitis in one study. An L. sidoides gel significantly reduced alveolar bone loss and inflammatory response in one study in which mice were submitted to ligature-induced periodontal disease. In general, L. sidoides-based products were effective in reducing dental plaque and calculus formation, as well as clinical signs of gingivitis. As most studies present methodological limitations, these results should be interpreted carefully. Further clinical trials with greater methodological accuracy and control of biases are necessary for the use of L. sidoides-based products in humans to be viable in clinical practice.

Key words

Lippia sidoides - Verbenaceae - biological products - phytotherapy - oral hygiene


Publication History

Received: 22 October 2020

Accepted after revision: 18 July 2021

Article published online:
01 October 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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