Download PDF
Planta Med 2015; 81(01): 71-78
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1383312
Analytical Studies
Original Papers
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

HPLC Quantification of All Five Ginkgolic Acid Derivatives in Ginkgo biloba Extracts using 13 : 0 Ginkgolic Acid as a Single Marker Compound

Ruwei Wang
1   Zhejiang CONBA Pharmaceutical & Drug Research Development Corporation, Hangzhou, China
2   Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pharmaceutical Technology, Zhejiang, China
,
Yuta Kobayashi
3   Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
,
Yu Lin
4   Medical Corporation Soujikai, Osaka, Japan
,
Hans Wilhelm Rauwald
5   Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
,
Jianbiao Yao
1   Zhejiang CONBA Pharmaceutical & Drug Research Development Corporation, Hangzhou, China
2   Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pharmaceutical Technology, Zhejiang, China
,
Ling Fang
1   Zhejiang CONBA Pharmaceutical & Drug Research Development Corporation, Hangzhou, China
2   Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pharmaceutical Technology, Zhejiang, China
,
Hongxiang Qiao
1   Zhejiang CONBA Pharmaceutical & Drug Research Development Corporation, Hangzhou, China
2   Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pharmaceutical Technology, Zhejiang, China
,
Kenny Kuchta
5   Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
6   Natural Products Chemistry Research, Department of Food and Nutrition, Sanyo Gakuen University, Okayama, Japan
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 18 March 2014
revised 11 October 2014

accepted 23 October 2014

Publication Date:
17 December 2014 (online)

    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

An HPLC quantification method for ginkgolic acid derivatives in Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts was developed. Using 13 : 0 ginkgolic acid as a marker compound, the relative correlation factors of the four other ginkgolic acid derivatives – namely, 15 : 0 ginkgolic acid, 15 : 1 ginkgolic acid, 17 : 1 ginkgolic acid, and 17 : 2 ginkgolic acid – to 13 : 0 ginkgolic acid were determined by HPLC and subsequently used for calculating their contents in ten hydro-ethanolic refined extract samples. In other words, the content of 13 : 0 ginkgolic acid in the extracts was determined using the isolated compound as an external standard. Subsequently the now known concentration of this compound functioned as an internal standard for the quantification of the other four ginkgolic acid derivatives via the described correlation factors. This HPLC method was validated by two independent control measurements, one with an external standard for every individual compound and one based on the present method with the single marker compound alone. The results did not differ significantly in any of the 10 tested extract samples. The protocol presented here thus not only uses the same reference substance for G. biloba extracts as the current Chinese Pharmacopoeia method but also incorporates the advantages of the current European Pharmacopoeia approach. It is simple, reproducible, and can be used to determine the total contents of ginkgolic acid derivatives in G. biloba leaf extracts.

Key words

Ginkgo biloba - Ginkgoaceae - ginkgolic acid derivatives - relative correlation factor - HPLC - quantitative analysis

Supporting Information

 

  • References

  • 1 Gao H. Pharmacologic effect of Ginkgo biloba extract. China Prac Med 2010; 5: 168-169
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Wang J, Long Y, Wang X, Chen R. Summary of Ginkgo biloba pharmacological functions, clinical application and preparation. China Foreign Medical Treatment 2011; 5: 116-119
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Cui YY, Kong X, Wang S. Ginkgo biloba extract for protection against acute cerebral ischemia. Chin Tradit Herb Drugs 1996; 27: 22-24
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Kanowski S, Herrmann WM, Stephan K, Wierich W, Horr R. Proof of efficacy of the Ginkgo biloba special extract GBE 761 in outpatients suffering from mild to moderate primary degenerative dementia of the Alzheimer type or multi-infarct dementia. Phytomedicine 1997; 4: 3-13
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Hsieh MT, Peng WH, Wu CR, Ng KY, Cheng CL, Xu HX. Review on experimental research of herbal medicines with anti-amnesic activity. Planta Med 2010; 76: 203-217
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Wu Y, Li S, Cui W, Zu X, Wang F, Du J. Ginkgo biloba extract improves coronary blood flow in patients with coronary artery disease: role of endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Planta Med 2007; 73: 624-628
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Chen ZL. The chemical composition and quality of preparations of Ginkgo biloba extract. Chin Pharm J 1996; 31: 326-331
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Lepoittevin JP, Benezra C, Asakawa Y. Allergic contact dermatitis to Ginkgo biloba L.: relationship with urushiol. Arch Dermatol Res 1989; 281: 227-230
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Jaggy H, Koch E. Chemistry and biology of alkyl phenols from Ginkgo biloba . Pharmazie 1997; 52: 735-738
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 van Beek TA, Montoro P. Chemical analysis and quality control of Ginkgo biloba leaves, extracts, and phytopharmaceuticals. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216: 2002-2032
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Xie PS. Quality evaluation of Ginkgo biloba standard extract GBE and Ginkgo biloba preparations. China J Chin Mater Med 1999; 24: 3-5
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission. Pharmacopoeia of the Peopleʼs Republic of China, Volume 1, 2010 edition. Beijing: Chinese Medical Science and Technology Press; 2010: 392
    Google Scholar
  • 13 Sticher O. Quality of Ginkgo preparations. Planta Med 1993; 59: 2-11
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Yang X, Xia L, Zhang X, Zhang R. The content of GA homologous compounds in micro emulsions, measured by RP-HPLC. China J Chin Mater Med 2008; 33: 207-208
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Yang L. Advanced methods for the analysis of ginkgolic acids. Chin J Pharm Anal 2003; 23: 241-244
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Yao J, Fang L, Wang R, Wu Y. Comparison of the detection methods for the permissible limit of ginkgolic acids in Ginkgo biloba extracts according to Chin.Ph. and Ph.Eur. Chin J Pharm Anal 2012; 32: 142-146
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Fuzzati N, Pace R, Villa F. A simple HPLC-UV method for the assay of ginkgolic acids in Ginkgo biloba extracts. Fitoterapia 2003; 74: 247-256
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Lee JS, Hattori M, Kim J. Inhibition of HIV-1 protease and RNase H of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activities by long chain phenols from the sarcotestas of Ginkgo biloba . Planta Med 2008; 74: 532-534
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 van Beek TA, Wintermans MS. Preparative isolation and dual column high-performance liquid chromatography of ginkgolic acids from Ginkgo biloba . J Chromatogr A 2001; 930: 109-117
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar