Download PDF
Int J Sports Med 2017; 38(10): 776-780
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-111893
Orthopedics & Biomechanics
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

The Effect of Clinical Pilates on Functional Movement in Recreational Runners

Anna Laws
1   Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Sean Williams
1   Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Cassie Wilson
1   Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History



accepted 09 May 2017

Publication Date:
03 August 2017 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Biomechanical imbalances and inefficient functional movements are considered contributing factors to running-related injuries. Clinical Pilates uses a series of exercises focused on retraining normal movement patterns. This study investigated whether a 6-week course of Clinical Pilates improves functional movement and thereby, potentially, reduces the risk of running-related injuries associated with movement dysfunction. A modified functional movement screen was used to analyze the functional movement ability of forty runners. Forty participants completed a 6-week course of Clinical Pilates delivered by a Clinical Pilates instructor. The movement screen was carried out 3 times for each runner: 6 weeks pre-intervention (baseline), within one week pre-intervention (pre) and within one week post-intervention (post). Repeated-measures analysis of variance and post-hoc tests found significant increases in scores between baseline and post (mean±SD; 13.4±2.4 vs. 17.0±1.7, p<0.01) and pre and post (mean±SD; 13.5±2.5 vs. 17.0±1.7, p<0.01), but no significant difference between baseline and pre (p=0.3). A 6-week course of Clinical Pilates significantly improves functional movement in recreational runners, and this may lead to a reduction in the risk of running-related injuries.

Key word

pilates - functional - movement - injury - running
 

  • References

  • 1 Agresta C, Slobodinsky M, Tucker C. Functional movement screen –normative values for healthy distance runners. Int J Sports Med 2014; 35: 1203-1207
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Baldon RDM, Serrrao FV, Silva R, Piva SR. Effects of functional stabilisation training on pain, function, and lower extremity biomechanics in women with patellofemoral pain: A randomized clinical trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014; 44: 240-251
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Beardsley C, Contreras B. The functional movement screen: A review. Strength Cond J 2014; 36: 72-80
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Chorba RS, Chorba DJ, Bouillion LE, Oevrmyer CA, Landis JA. Use of functional movement screen tool to determine injury risk in female collegiate athletes. N Am J Sports Phys Ther 2010; 5: 47-54
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Clark NTM, Bourque RD, Schilling J. Treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome in a track athlete. Int J Athl Ther Train 2014; 19: 27-31
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Cornerford M, Mottram S. Kinetic control: the management of uncontrolled movement. Southampton: Elsevier; 2012
    Google Scholar
  • 7 Cook G, Burton L, Hoogenboom BJ, Voight M. Functional movement screening: The use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function, part 1. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2014; 9: 396-409
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Cook G, Burton L, Hoogenboom BJ, Voight M. Functional movement screening: The use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function, part 2. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2014; 9: 549-562
    Google Scholar
  • 9 Earl JE, Hoch AZ. A proximal strengthening program improves pain, function, and biomechanics in women with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Am J Sports Med 2011; 39: 154-163
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Ferber R, Kendall KD, Farr L. Changes in knee biomechanics after a hip-abductor strengthening protocol for runners with patellofemoral pain syndrome. J Athl Train 2011; 46: 142-149
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Garrison M, Westrick R, Johnson MR, Benenson J. Association between the functional movement screen and injury development in college athletes. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2015; 10: 21-28
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Gildenhuys GM, Fourie M, Shaw BS, Toriola AL, Witthuhn J. Evaluation of pilates training on agility, functional mobility and cardiorespiratory fitness in elderly women. Afr J Phys Health Educ Recreat Dance 2013; 19: 505-513
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Harriss DJ, Atkinson G. Ethical standards in sport and exercise science research: 2016 update. Int J Sports Med 2015; 36: 1121-1124
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Herrington L. The effect of hip abductor muscle fatigue on frontal plane knee projection angle during step landing. Int J Athl Ther Train 2014; 19: 38-43
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Hewett TE, Myer GD, Ford KR, Heidt RS, Colosimo AJ, Mclean SG, Van den Bogert AJ, Paterno MV, Succop P. Biomechanical measures of neuromuscular control and valgus loading of the knee predict anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in female athletes: A prospective study. Am J Sports Med 2005; 33: 492-501
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Homan KJ, Norcross MF, Goerger BM, Prentice WE, Blackburn JT. The influence of hip strength on gluteal activity and lower extremity kinematics. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2013; 23: 411-415
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Key J. ‘The core’: understanding it, and retraining its dysfunction. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2012; 17: 541-559
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Kiesel K, Plisky PJ, Voight ML. Can serious injury in professional footballers be predicted by a preseason functional movement screen?. N Am J Sports Phys Ther 2007; 2: 76-81
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Lack S. Are the biomechanics of your foot and hip affecting your knee joint?. SportEX Medicine 2013; 55: 11-14
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Lange C, Unnithan V, Larkam E, Latte PM. Maximizing the benefits of pilates-inspired exercise for learning functional motor skills. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2000; 4: 99-108
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Louden JK, Parkerson-Mitchell AJ, Hildebrand LD, Teague C. Functional movement screen scores in a group of running athletes. J Strength Cond Res 2014; 28: 909-913
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Lugo-Larcheveque N, Pescatello LS, Dugdale TW, Veltri DM, Roberts WO. Management of lower limb extremity malalignment during running with neuromuscular retraining of the proximal stabilisers. Curr Sports Med Rep 2006; 5: 137-140
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 McNeil W. Are movement screens relevant for pilates, circus or dance?. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2014; 18: 469-476
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Noehren B, Pohl MB, Sanchez Z, Cunningham T, Latterman C. Proximal and distal kinematics in female runners with patella femoral pain. Clin Biomech 2012; 27: 366-371
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 O’Connor FG, Deuster PA, Davis J, Pappas CG, Knapik JJ. Functional movement screening: Predicting injuries in officer candidates. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 43: 2224-2236
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Pearce PZ. Prehabilitation: Preparing young athletes for sports. Curr Sports Med Rep 2006; 5: 155-160
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Peters JSJ, Tyson NL. Proximal exercises are effective in training patellofemoral pain syndrome: A systematic review. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2013; 8: 689-700
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Portney LG, Watkins MP. Foundations of clinical research: Applications to practice. 3rd ed. 2009. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall;
    Google Scholar
  • 29 Sheerin KR, Hume PA, Whatman C. Effect of a lower limb functional lower limb exercise programme aimed at minimising knee valgus angle on running kinematics in young athletes. Phys Ther Sport 2012; 13: 250-254
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Shultz R, Anderson SC, Matheson GO, Marcello B, Besier T. Test-retest and interrater reliability of the functional movement screen. J Athl Train 2013; 48: 331-336
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Snache AG, Dorn TW, Williams GP, Brown NAT, Pandy MG. Lower-limb muscular strategies for increasing running speed. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014; 44: 813-824
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Taylor-Haas JA, Hugentobler JA, DiCesare CA, Lucas KCH, Bates NA, Myer GD, Ford KR. Reduced hip strength is associated with increased hip motion during running in young adult and adolescent male long-distance runners. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2014; 9: 456-467
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Teng HL, Powers CM. Sagittal plane trunk posture influences patellofemoral joint stress during running. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014; 44: 785-792
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Van Gent R, Siem D, Van Middelkoop M, Van Os A, Bierma-Zeinstra M, Koes B. Incidence and determinants of lower extremity running injuries in long distance runners: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med 2007; 41: 469-480
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Wallden M. Facilitating change through active rehabilitation techniques. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2013; 17: 531-540
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Whatman C, Hume P, Hing W. Kinematics during lower extremity functional screening tests in young athletes – Are they reliable and valid?. Phys Ther Sport 2013; 14: 87-93
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Wilk BR, Nau S, Valero B. Physical therapy management of running injuries using an evidence based functional approach. Am Med Athl Assoc J 2009; 22: 5-7
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Willy RW, Davis IS. The effect of a hip strengthening program on mechanics during running and during a single-leg squat. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011; 41: 625-632
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Wilson JD, Kernozek TW, Arndt RL, Reznichek DA, Straker JS. Gluteal muscle activation during running in females with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome. Clin Biomech 2011; 26: 735-740
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Wilson JD, Petrowitz I, Butler RJ, Kernozek TW. Male and female gluteal muscle activity and lower extremity kinematics during running. Clin Biomech 2012; 27: 1052-1057
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Woods JM, Panas N. Patellofemoral pain syndrome. American Fitness 2014; 32: 24-28
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Wouters I, Almonroeder T, DeJarlais B, Lack A, Wilson JD, Kernozek TW. Effects of a movement training program on hip and knee joint frontal plane running mechanics. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2012; 7: 637-646
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 43 Yamato TP, Maher CG, Saragiotto BT, Hancock MJ, Ostelo RWJG, Cabral CMN, Menezes Costa LC, Costa LOP. Pilates for low back pain review. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015 Issue 7
    PubMed
  • 44 Yeung S, Yeung E, Gillespie L. Interventions for preventing lower limb soft tissue running injuries (review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011 Issue 7
    PubMed