Planta Med 2016; 82(S 01): S1-S381
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1596321
Abstracts
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Antifungal activity of lichen extracts and compounds against Alternaria brassicola

A Schinkovitz
1   University of Angers, EA 921 SONAS/SFR 4207 QUASAV, 42 Rue Georges Morel, 49070 Beaucouzé, France
,
T Guillemette
2   Université d'Angers; UMR 1345 IRHS; SFR QUASAV Angers, France; INRA; UMR 1345 IRHS; Angers, France
,
N Blond
2   Université d'Angers; UMR 1345 IRHS; SFR QUASAV Angers, France; INRA; UMR 1345 IRHS; Angers, France
,
P Le Pogam-Alluard
3   Université de Rennes 1, UMR CNRS 6226 PNSCM, 2 Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes, France
,
N Jaozara
1   University of Angers, EA 921 SONAS/SFR 4207 QUASAV, 42 Rue Georges Morel, 49070 Beaucouzé, France
,
K Kerdia
1   University of Angers, EA 921 SONAS/SFR 4207 QUASAV, 42 Rue Georges Morel, 49070 Beaucouzé, France
,
J Boustie
3   Université de Rennes 1, UMR CNRS 6226 PNSCM, 2 Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes, France
,
P Simoneau
2   Université d'Angers; UMR 1345 IRHS; SFR QUASAV Angers, France; INRA; UMR 1345 IRHS; Angers, France
,
P Richomme
1   University of Angers, EA 921 SONAS/SFR 4207 QUASAV, 42 Rue Georges Morel, 49070 Beaucouzé, France
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
14 December 2016 (online)

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    Alternaria brassicicola (Pleosporaceae) is destructive plant fungus causing black spot disease on virtually every important cultivated Brassica species including broccoli, cabbage, canola, and mustard [1,2. The pathogen is responsible for significant economic damage as infections may occasionally lead to 20 – 50% yield reductions in crops such as canola, mustard and rape. [2]. Furthermore A. brassicicola is a potent source of mold-derived allergens inducing chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis in humans.

    Lichens are complex symbiotic organisms consisting of fungi and cyanobacteria or algae. They are known to produce a large variety of unique secondary metabolites some exhibiting notable anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial but also antifungal activities [3]. Despite the wide range of studied biological activities found in lichens, very little is known about their effect on A. brassicicola. The present study therefore evaluated the antifungal activity of lichen extracts and compounds on A. brassicicola using a nephelometry based method for measuring fungal growth [1]. Crude extracts of Lasallia pustulata (Umbilicariaceae), Ramalina fastigiata (Ramalinaceae), Evernia prunastri (Parmeliaceae) and Lobaria scrobiculata (Lobariaceae) were found to exhibit interesting inhibitory activities at 68.3, 42.5, 40.0 and 34.7 percent inhibition at 25 µg/Ml, respectively. Furthermore (+) usnic acid (1) (57.5% at 72.67µM) and m-scrobiculin (2) (32.5% at 59.8µM) showed notable antifungal effects.

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    Keywords: Alternaria brassicicola, lichens, antifungal activity.

    References:

    [1] Guillemette T, Calmes B, Simoneau P. Impact of the UPR on the virulence of the plant fungal pathogen A. brassicicola. Virulence 2014; 15: 357 – 364

    [2] Joint Genome Institute United States Department of Energy MycoCosm: Alternaria brassicicola. http://genome.jgi.doe.gov/Altbr1/Altbr1.home.html, consulted on February 22nd 2016

    [3] Boustie J, Tomasi S, GrubeM. Bioactive lichen metabolites: alpine habitats as an untapped source. Phytochem Rev 2011; 10: 287 – 307

    [4] Joubert A, Calmes B, Berruyer R, Pihet M, Bouchara JP, Simoneau P, Guillemette T. Laser nephelometry applied in an automated microplate system to study filamentous fungus growth. Biotechniques 2010; 48: 399 – 404


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    No conflict of interest has been declared by the author(s).

     
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