Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel 2018; 13(S 01): S11
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1641788
Freie Vorträge
Translationale Grundlagenforschung des Typ-2-Diabetes
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Effects of the diurnal distribution of carbohydrates and fat on the adipose tissue transcriptome in humans

O Pivovarova
1   German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Dept. of Clinical Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
2   Charité University Medicine, Dept. of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
3   German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
,
K Kessler
1   German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Dept. of Clinical Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
2   Charité University Medicine, Dept. of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
,
K Jürchott
4   Charité University Medicine, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
,
S Hornemann
1   German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Dept. of Clinical Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
3   German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
,
C Sticht
5   Faculty of Medicine Mannheim at Heidelberg University, Center for medical research (ZMF), Mannheim, Germany
,
M Kemper
1   German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Dept. of Clinical Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
2   Charité University Medicine, Dept. of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
3   German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
,
N Gretz
6   Faculty of Medicine Mannheim at Heidelberg University, Center for Medical Research (ZMF), Mannheim, Germany
,
N Rudovich
1   German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Dept. of Clinical Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
2   Charité University Medicine, Dept. of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
7   Spital Bülach, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Bülach, Switzerland
,
A Kramer
8   Charité University Medicine, Laboratory of Chronobiology, Institute for Medical Immunology, Berlin, Germany
,
AFH Pfeiffer
1   German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Dept. of Clinical Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
2   Charité University Medicine, Dept. of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
3   German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
26 April 2018 (online)

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    Aims:

    We investigated effects of the diurnal distribution of carbohydrates and fat consumption on the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) transcriptome in humans.

    Materials and methods:

    29 non-obese men without diabetes consumed two 4-week isocaloric diets in the cross-over study – (1) HC/HF diet consisted of a carbohydrate-rich breakfast and lunch (65 EN% carbohydrates, 20 EN% fat, 15 EN% protein) and a fat-rich snack and dinner (35 EN% carbohydrates, 50 EN% fat, 15 EN% protein) and (2) HF/HC diet consisted of a fat-rich breakfast and lunch and a carbohydrate-rich snack and dinner. At the end of each intervention period, SAT samples were collected three times during the day (at 8.40, 12.20 and 19.00), and used for the microarray analysis.

    Results:

    From 2372 oscillating SAT transcripts, 27.2% transcripts were rhythmic on both HC/HF and HF/HC diets, whereas 22.4% and 50.5% transcripts showed circadian oscillations only on the HC/HF and HF/HC diet, respectively. Oscillations of clock genes in SAT and the salivary cortisol rhythm (central clock marker) were not affected by diets. However, we found dietary effects on numerous oscillating and non-oscillating genes involved in glucose (IRS1, IRS2, PCK1, PDK4) and lipid metabolism (ACACA, ACAT1, ACOX2, PPARA) as well as inflammatory response (CCL5, IL1B, ITGAX, CD3E). Mechanisms underlying this remodeling include the change of activity of the insulin signaling, I-kappa B kinase/NF-kappa B and MAPK pathways.

    Conclusion:

    Diurnal distribution of carbohydrates and fat consumption induces deep remodeling of adipose tissue transcriptome in humans including the alteration of glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammatory pathways.


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