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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245571
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Multidetector Computed Tomography Mesentericography for the Diagnosis of Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Mehrzeilen CT-Mesenterikografie zur Diagnostik obskurer gastrointestinaler BlutungenPublication History
received: 27.3.2010
accepted: 11.6.2010
Publication Date:
22 July 2010 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Evaluation der diagnostischen Wertigkeit der 16-Zeilen-CT-Mesenterikografie (CTM) bei Patienten mit obskurer gastrointestinaler Blutung. Material und Methoden: Es wurden retrospektiv alle Patienten ermittelt, bei denen im Zeitraum von Juli 2002 – September 2006 eine CTM zur Diagnostik obskurer gastrointestinaler Blutungen durchgeführt wurde. Im Rahmen einer prospektiven Studie wurde von Oktober 2006 – September 2009 die CTM bei Patienten mit obskurer Major-Blutung evaluiert. Die retrospektiv ermittelten (6 Patienten) und die prospektiv untersuchten Patienten (7 Patienten) bilden das Studienkollektiv. Nach der DSA wurde ein Katheter in der Arteria mesenterica superior belassen, der Patient wurde in die Computertomografie transportiert und nach Kontrastmittelinjektion über den Katheter wurde die CTM akquiriert. Fokale, im Darmlumen gelegene, röntgendichte Läsionen, die bildmorphologisch mit ausgetretenem Kontrastmittel vereinbar waren, wurden als aktive Blutung gewertet. Ergebnisse: Die CTM detektierte den Blutungsort bei 3 von 13 Patienten (23 %) des Gesamtkollektivs und bei einem von 7 Patienten (14 %), welche prospektiv untersucht wurden. Der Nachweis des Blutungsorts mittels CTM veranlasste in allen Fällen ein operatives Vorgehen, operativ bestätigten sich die Befunde der CTM. Schlussfolgerung: Aufgrund der relativ geringen Rate positiver Befunde und den ihr innewohnenden Nachteilen kann die CTM nicht vorbehaltlos empfohlen werden. Bei Patienten, bei denen eine kontinuierliche Blutung mit geringer Blutungsstärke vorliegt und bei denen die i. v. CT negativ war, könnte die CTM hilfreich sein.
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic yield of 16-row multidetector computed tomography (CT) mesentericography in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Materials and Methods: The radiological information system database was used to retrospectively identify all patients in whom CT mesentericography (CTM) was performed for the diagnosis of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding between July 2002 and September 2006. A subsequent prospective study was conducted between October 2006 and September 2009 to evaluate CTM in patients with major obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. The retrospectively identified patients (six patients) as well as the prospectively evaluated patients (seven patients) constitute the study population. Following mesenteric DSA the catheter was left in the superior mesenteric artery, the patient was transferred to the CT suite and CTM was carried out by scanning the abdomen after contrast material injection via the catheter. Active bleeding was suspected if a focal area of high attenuation consistent with contrast material extravasation was found within the bowel lumen. Results: CTM detected the site of active bleeding in three of 13 patients (23 %). In the subpopulation of patients who were prospectively evaluated, CT mesentericography identified the site of active bleeding in one of seven patients (14 %). Depiction of active bleeding by CTM prompted surgical intervention in each case and surgery confirmed the findings of CT mesentericography. Conclusion: Due to the relatively low rate of positive findings and inherent drawbacks, we feel that CTM cannot be recommended in general. However, in selected patients who are continuously bleeding at a low rate and in whom iv-CT was negative, CT mesentericography might be helpful.
Key words
CT angiography - interventional procedures - hemorrhage - abdomen
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Dr. Peter Heiss
Institut für Röntgendiagnostik, Universität Regensburg
Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11
93042 Regensburg
Germany
Phone: ++ 49/9 41/9 44 74 01
Fax: ++ 49/9 41/9 44 74 09
Email: heiss.peter@web.de