Chirurgische Therapie der Kiefergelenksankylose

Zusammenfassung

Die Kiefergelenksankylosen sind in der Literatur meist als posttraumatisch, seltener als entzündlich verursachte Erkrankung beschrieben. Die Prophylaxe umfasst bei konservativer Bruchbehandlung auch die Funktionsbehandlung mit kiefer­orthopädischen Geräten. Selbst bei konsequenter Therapie kann es jedoch zu bindegewebigen, ­später knöchernen Ankylosen kommen. Die chirurgische Therapie kann eine Wiederherstellung der Mundöffnung erzielen. Die dargestellte Methode mit Gelenkspaltrekonstruktion im physiologischen Niveau, Diskusreposition und Gelenkkapselrekonstruktion ermöglicht eine annähernd symmetrische Öffnung und erreicht auch geringe Laterotrusions- und Protrusionsbewegungen. Dies ist für die Kaufunktion und die Rezidivprophylaxe vorteilhaft. 

Abstract

Ankylosis is reported to be favourably caused by trauma, less frequently by inflammation. If treat­ed conservatively orthodontic appliances are in use. Unfortunately even in cases treated imme­diately and consequently, ankylosis may occur. The author’s method can offer restoration of a phys­iologically situated hinge axis with good and ­almost symmetrical mouth opening. Moreover some ­laterotrusion and protrusion is possible due to preservation of caudal parts of the lateral pterygoid muscle and refixation of the disc. Move­ment and interposition of the disc seem to be favourable for prevention of recurrence. 

Schlüsselwörter

Ankylose - Kiefergelenkerkrankungen

Key words

ankylosis - temporomandibular joint disturbance

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