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DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-100099
Gutachtliche Beurteilung des traumatischen Bandscheibenvorfalls
Expert Assessment of Traumatic Disc HerniationsPublikationsverlauf
Publikationsdatum:
19. April 2017 (online)
Zusammenfassung
In einer Vielzahl von Rechtsgebieten soll der Sachverständige die Kausalität von Bandscheibenschäden klären: Ist der Schaden Folge eines Unfalls? Die Literatur nennt spezifische Anforderungen an den Traumamechanismus sowie zeitliche Kriterien, welche die Kausalitätsprüfung vorgeben. Es handelt sich im Wesentlichen um hochenergetische Traumen mit unmittelbar einsetzenden Funktionsstörungen. Unfallnahe MRT-Untersuchungen haben im gutachterlichen Beurteilungsprozess überragende Bedeutung zur Sicherung des Körpererstschadens. Bei der Prüfung des haftungsbegründenden Zusammenhangs müssen konkurrierende Ursachen gewürdigt werden. Da sich die juristischen Anforderungen der Kausalitätsprüfung in Zivil- und Sozialrecht unterscheiden, bedarf es der Kenntnis der Rechtsnormen. Ein Prüfschema wird vorgestellt, das den Begutachtungsprozess über Einstiegs-, Realisierungs- und Entscheidungsebene unterstützt.
Abstract
In numerous legal areas, expert assessments are needed to clarify the causality of herniated discs: Was the damage caused by an accident? The literature mentions specific requirements regarding the trauma mechanism as well as temporal criteria, which prescribe the causality test. These are essentially high-energy traumas with immediate functional impairments. Accident-related MRI examinations are of paramount importance in the expert assessment process to confirm the primary body harm. In examining the causality constituting liability, competitive causes must be assessed. Since the legal requirements of the causality test differ in civil and social law, legal norms need to be taken into account. We present a test scheme that supports the assessment process through entry, implementation and decision-making levels.
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