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Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2019; 47(04): 233-241
DOI: 10.1055/a-0948-9187
Originalartikel
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Postoperatives Ergebnis bei Diskopathien des Hundes in Abhängigkeit von Rasse, Lokalisation und Erfahrung des Chirurgen: 1113 Fälle

Outcome of intervertebral disk disease surgery depending on dog breed, location and experience of the surgeon: 1113 cases
Alexandra Klesty
1   Tierärztliche Klinik für Kleintiere am Kaiserberg, Duisburg
,
Franck Forterre
2   Neurochirurgie, Institut für Chirurgie, Department für klinische Veterinärmedizin, Vetsuisse Fakultät, Universität Bern
,
Gudrun Bolln
3   Chirurgie, Orthopädie, Bildgebung, Tierklinik Norderstedt/FTÄ Zentrum Flensburg
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

13 October 2018

23 May 2019

Publication Date:
21 August 2019 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel Der Bandscheibenvorfall (BSV) ist eine häufige neurologische Erkrankung bei Hunden, der in vielen Fällen chirurgisch behandelt werden kann. Retrospektiv sollten bei solchen Patienten mögliche Einflussfaktoren wie Signalement, Lokalisation oder Schweregrad des BSV sowie Erfahrung des Operateurs auf das langfristige Behandlungsergebnis eruiert werden.

Material und Methoden Die Auswertung umfasste die Daten von 1113 Hunden, die von Januar 2008 bis Juli 2013 an einem oder mehreren Bandscheibenvorfällen operiert worden waren.

Ergebnisse Hunde chondrodystropher (CD) Rassen mit einer Disposition wie Dackel, Jack Russell Terrier und Französische Bulldogge erkrankten deutlich früher an BSV als Hunde nicht chondrodystropher (NCD) Rassen mit signifikanten rassespezifischen Unterschieden hinsichtlich Lokalisation und neurologischem Schweregrad. Intakte Rüden waren überproportional häufiger betroffen, während das Gewicht der Patienten nicht mit dem Auftreten eines BSV korrelierte. Der neurologische Schweregrad und die Lokalisation des BSV, nicht aber die Hunderasse oder der Erfahrungsgrad des Operateurs beeinflussten das postoperative Behandlungsergebnis.

Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz CD-Rassen erkrankten häufiger an einem BSV als NCD-Rassen mit Französischen Bulldoggen als jüngsten Patienten. Die meisten Vorfälle traten in der BWS (Peak in Th12/13) auf, die wenigsten in der HWS mit rassespezifischen Unterschieden: Beagle erkrankten vorwiegend in der HWS, Hunde kleiner NCD-Rassen, Dackel und Jack Russell Terrier in der BWS und Französische Bulldoggen sowie Hunde großer NCD-Rassen in der LWS. Ungünstig für das klinische Behandlungsresultat waren ein höherer neurologischer Schweregrad und ein BSV in der BWS: Kleine NCD mit BSV Grad IV in der BWS hatten die längste Rekonvaleszenz, während Französische Bulldoggen mit dem selben Grad in der LWS schneller wieder lauffähig waren.

Abstract

Objective Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is a common neurological condition in dogs that can be treated surgically in many cases. Following surgical disc treatment, possible influencing factors, including signalment, localisation and severity of the IVDD and the surgeon’s experience, were investigated to determine their impact on the long-term outcome of the treatment.

Material and methods Data from 1113 dogs that had undergone surgical treatment for one or more herniated discs between January 2008 and July 2013 were evaluated.

Results In particular, there was a disposition for the chondrodystrophic (CD) breeds Dachshund, Jack Russell Terrier and French Bulldog to suffer from herniated discs much earlier than non-chondrodystrophic (NCD) breeds, with significant differences in localisation and neurological severity. Unneutered male dogs were disproportionately more frequently affected, whereas the patient weight did not correlate with IVDD occurrence. The postoperative outcome was affected by the neurological severity and localisation of the IVDD, but not by the breed of dog or the surgeon’s level of experience. Similarly, there was no correlation between the surgical procedure used and convalescence or recurrence rate.

Conclusion and clinical relevance CD breeds were more prone to IVDH and on average earlier than NCD breeds, with French Bulldogs as the youngest patients. Most incidents occurred in the thoracic spine (peak in Th12/13), with the fewest in the cervical spine, with race-specific differences: Beagles were mainly affected in the cervical spine, small NCD breeds, Dachshund and Jack Russell Terriers in the thoracic spine and French Bulldogs and large NCD breeds in the lumbar spine. An increasing neurological type and an IVDH in the thoracic spine had a negative impact on the clinical outcome: Small NCD breeds with type IV IVDH in the thoracic spine had the longest convalescence, whereas French Bulldogs with the same type of IVDH in the lumbar spine were quicker able to walk again.

Schlüsselwörter

Bandscheibenvorfall - Hund - Prädisposition - Prognose - Rekonvaleszenz

Key words

Herniated disc - dog - predisposition - prognosis - convalescence
 

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