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J Knee Surg 2021; 34(09): 952-961
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1700978
Original Article

Effectiveness of High Tibial Osteotomy with or without Other Procedures for Medial Compartment Osteoarthritis of Knee: An Update Meta-Analysis

Ru-Zhan Yao‡   *
1   Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
,
Wei-Qiang Liu‡   *
2   Department of Spinal Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
,
Liang-Zhi Sun
2   Department of Spinal Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
,
Ming-Dong Yu
2   Department of Spinal Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
,
Guang-Lin Wang
1   Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
3   Department of Orthopaedics, The People's Hospital of Guang'an City, China
› Author Affiliations Funding This work was supported by Sichuan Science and Technology Program (2018SZ0145; 2018SZYZF0006); Program of Sichuan Health Commission (17PJ128); 2016 Innovation Fund Project of Guangan.
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Abstract

To improve the long-term outcomes of high tibial osteotomy (HTO) for gonarthritis, many cartilage repair procedures appeared, but their effects were controversial. To evaluate the efficacy of cartilage repair procedures during HTO for gonarthritis, we performed this update meta-analysis. We performed the system retrieval for clinical trials using various databases and then pooled the outcomes of the included studies. Fifteen studies were involved. The pooled results indicated that there were no significant differences in Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) scale (mean difference [MD] = 0.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.01 to 0.06, p = 0.24), the femorotibial angle (MD = 0.06, 95% CI = −0.04 to 0.16, p = 0.22), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes (MD = 12.53, 95% CI = −2.26 to 27.32, p = 0.10) of patients in experimental group than control. The subgroup analysis showed that the clinical outcomes of abrasion arthroplasty (AA) were worse than control group (standardized mean difference [SMD] −2.65, 95% CI = −3.67 to −1.63, p < 0.001), while mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) injection improved the clinical outcomes (SMD = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.25–3.50, p < 0.001). There were significant differences between the two groups in arthroscopic (SMD = 1.38, 95% CI = 0.82–1.94, p < 0.001) and histologic results (relative risk [RR] = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.36–2.29, p < 0.001). The pain relief (MD = 0.17, 95% CI = −3.26 to 3.61, p = 0.92) and operative complications (RR = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.83–2.42; p = 0.19) of the two groups had no significant differences. Our analysis supports that concurrent cartilage repair procedures might improve arthroscopic and histologic outcomes, but they have no beneficial effect on clinical outcomes, radiograph, MRI, and pain relief. The concurrent procedures do not increase the risk of operative complication. Furthermore, MSC has some beneficial effects on clinical outcomes, while AA might play an opposite role.

Keywords

high tibial osteotomy - cartilage repair procedures - osteoarthritis - knee - meta-analysis

* Ru-Zhan Yao and Wei-Qiang Liu contributed to the work equally and should be regarded as co-first authors.


Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 11 January 2019

Accepted: 27 November 2019

Article published online:
17 January 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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