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Horm Metab Res 2024; 56(01): 65-77
DOI: 10.1055/a-2201-6641
Review

Sensitivity of the Neuroendocrine Stress Axis in Metabolic Diseases

Diana Cozma
1   Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
,
Panagiota Siatra
1   Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
,
Stefan R. Bornstein
1   Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
2   School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
3   Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich (USZ) and University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
,
Charlotte Steenblock
1   Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
› Author Affiliations Funding Information Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (CRC/Transregio 205 “The Adrenal: Central Relay in Health and Disease”, project number 314061271; IRTG 2251 "Immunological and cellular strategies in metabolic disease", project number 288034826).
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Abstract

Metabolic diseases are prevalent in modern society and have reached pandemic proportions. Metabolic diseases have systemic effects on the body and can lead to changes in the neuroendocrine stress axis, the critical regulator of the body’s stress response. These changes may be attributed to rising insulin levels and the release of adipokines and inflammatory cytokines by adipose tissue, which affect hormone production by the neuroendocrine stress axis. Chronic stress due to inflammation may exacerbate these effects. The increased sensitivity of the neuroendocrine stress axis may be responsible for the development of metabolic syndrome, providing a possible explanation for the high prevalence of severe comorbidities such as heart disease and stroke associated with metabolic disease. In this review, we address current knowledge of the neuroendocrine stress axis in response to metabolic disease and discuss its role in developing metabolic syndrome.

Key words

HPA axis - adipose tissue - obesity - metabolic diseases - obesity 


Publication History

Received: 06 June 2023

Accepted after revision: 18 October 2023

Article published online:
03 January 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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