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Semin Reprod Med 2012; 30(01): 62-70
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1299598
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

The Emerging Role of Estrogen Receptor-β in Human Reproduction

Emily J. Su
1   Division of Reproductive Biology Research
2   Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
,
Hong Xin
1   Division of Reproductive Biology Research
,
Diana Monsivais
1   Division of Reproductive Biology Research
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
23 January 2012 (online)

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Abstract

Knowledge surrounding estrogen and estrogen receptor biology continues to evolve, and the diversity of their actions and complexity of their mechanisms are becoming increasingly evident. Estrogen receptor (ER) regulation of reproduction is no exception. Although it is well established that estrogen and ERα play key roles in mediating several reproductive biological processes, such as myometrial and endometrial growth, increasing evidence suggests that ERβ is also an important factor. ERβ is a key mediator in folliculogenesis and may also play a role in stimulating ovulation and regulating aspects of luteinization. ERβ is also expressed in higher quantities than ERα in the human myometrium and cervix during pregnancy, and thus it may play a part in the initiation of labor and parturition. Finally, ERβ is the sole ER expressed within the endothelium of the endometrium and the fetoplacental vasculature, and studies suggest that its role may contribute to angiogenic and vasomotor changes that play a role in both implantation and regulation of fetoplacental blood flow.

Keywords

estrogen receptor-β - isoforms - reproduction - pregnancy
 

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