The In Vitro Protective Effects of Curcumin and Demethoxycurcumin in Curcuma longa Extract on Advanced Glycation End Products-Induced Mesangial Cell Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress

Abstract

Curcuma longa L. (CLL), a traditional herbal medicine, has been widely used for the prevention of diabetic vascular complications in recent years. However, the protective effects of curcuminoids in CLL on the AGEs-induced damage to mesangial cell are not fully understood. In this present study, dihydroethidium, superoxide dismutase kit, malondialdehyde kit, and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining methods were used to evaluate the activities of curcumin and demethoxycurcumin (10⁻¹¹ − 10⁻⁹ M) on AGEs-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis, which were associated with the damage to mesangial cell. The results showed that these two compounds could significantly restore advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced apoptosis to normal levels (IC₅₀ = 3.874 × 10⁻¹¹ M for curcumin and IC₅₀ = 6.085 × 10⁻¹¹ M for demethoxycurcumin) and reduce remarkably reactive oxygen species generation in mesangial cell. Furthermore, curcumin and demethoxycurcumin dramatically elevated AGEs-decreased superoxide dismutase activity while significantly reducing AGEs-increased malondialdehyde content in cell culture supernatant. Our results suggest that both curcumin and demethoxycurcumin have a significant protective potential to the prevention of diabetic nephropathy.

Key words

Curcuma longa L. - Zingiberaceae - curcumin - demethoxycurcumin - diabetic nephropathy - anti-apoptosis - antioxidant

• References

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