Download PDF
J Pediatr Infect Dis 2021; 16(06): 285-289
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733868
Original Article

Distribution of Human Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein H Genotypes in Different Samples from Chinese Children

Wei Li
1   Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
,
Lu-Yan Chen
1   Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
,
Ran Tao
1   Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
,
Shi-Qiang Shang
1   Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
› Author Affiliations Funding This study was funded by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (grant numbers: 81671495 and 81701535), Science and Technology projects in Zhejiang Province (grant no.: 2019C03037), and Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (grant no.: LY19H190005).
› Further Information
Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to investigate characteristics of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) glycoprotein H (gH) genotypes in urine, throat swab, and serum from children and breast milk from children's mothers.

Methods Fresh urine samples, throat swabs, or serum samples from children and breast milk samples from children's mothers were collected for HCMV DNA detection. The positive samples of HCMV DNA were further detected by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with gH typing.

Results Of 1,703 HCMV DNA-positive samples, the highest proportion (83.3%, 85/102) of children aged between 21 days and 3 months was detected positive in breast milk samples (p = 0.002), and the highest proportion (70.5%, 110/156) of children aged above 3 months was detected positive in throat swab samples (p = 0.002). HCMV in throat swab specimens is mainly high copy (p < 0.0001), and low-copy HCMV is prevalent in breast specimens (p < 0.0001). Among them, 1,059 samples were identified as gH1 genotype, 530 samples were gH2, and 114 samples were coinfection (gH1/2). There had the highest gH2 rates (32.3%) and lowest gH1 (61.0%) rates in urine samples (p = 0.041), whereas the highest gH1 rates (71.6%) and lowest gH2 rates (19.6%) were found in breast milk samples (p = 0.032). Concerning age groups, patients aged between 21 days and 3 months had the highest gH1 proportion (p = 0.017), while patients aged above 3 months had the highest gH1 and gH2 HCMV coinfection proportion (p = 0.002). Among 43 pairs of maternal and child samples corresponding to positive samples, gH genotype of 35 pairs of samples was consistent with a rate of 81.4%.

Conclusion gH1 is the predominant genotype of HCMV in each kind of sample in China. However, the distribution of the HCMV gH genotype is different among different samples.

Keywords

distribution - human cytomegalovirus - glycoprotein H - children - different samples


Publication History

Received: 01 April 2021

Accepted: 21 June 2021

Article published online:
17 August 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

  • References

  • 1 Griffiths P, Baraniak I, Reeves M. The pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus. J Pathol 2015; 235 (02) 288-297
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Cannon MJ. Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) epidemiology and awareness. J Clin Virol 2009; 46 (Suppl. 04) S6-S10
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Buxmann H, Hamprecht K, Meyer-Wittkopf M, Friese K. Primary human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in pregnancy. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2017; 114: 45-52
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Goderis J, De Leenheer E, Smets K, Van Hoecke H, Keymeulen A, Dhooge I. Hearing loss and congenital CMV infection: a systematic review. Pediatrics 2014; 134 (05) 972-982
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Subspecialty Group of Infectious Diseases, The Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association, National Pediatric Clinical Virology Cooperative Group, Editorial Board, Chinese Journal of Pediatrics. A proposal for the diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus diseases in children [in Chinese]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2012; 50 (04) 290-292
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Nguyen CC, Kamil JP. Pathogen at the gates: human cytomegalovirus entry and cell tropism. Viruses 2018; 10 (12) E704
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Chen JY, Zheng TL, Zhou T. et al. Human cytomegalovirus prevalence and distribution of glycoprotein B, O genotypes among hospitalized children with respiratory infections in West China, 2009-2014. Trop Med Int Health 2016; 21 (11) 1428-1434
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Paradowska E, Jabłońska A, Studzińska M. et al. Distribution of cytomegalovirus gN variants and associated clinical sequelae in infants. J Clin Virol 2013; 58 (01) 271-275
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Guo S, Yu MM, Li G, Zhou H, Fang F, Shu SN. Studies on genotype of human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein H from infantile clinical isolates [in Chinese]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2013; 51 (04) 260-264
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Li W, Tao R, Zhang X. et al. Rapid and sensitive identification of glycoprotein H genotypes in clinical human cytomegalovirus samples. Jpn J Infect Dis 2015; 68 (02) 135-137
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Chou S. Molecular epidemiology of envelope glycoprotein H of human cytomegalovirus. J Infect Dis 1992; 166 (03) 604-607
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Li W, Liu L, Tao R, Zheng X, Li H, Shang S. Epidemiological characteristics of human cytomegalovirus infection and glycoprotein H genotype in Chinese children. Pediatr Neonatol 2020; 61 (01) 63-67
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Chen LY, Li W, Xu JL. et al. Relationship between gH genotyping and clinical characteristics of children with congenital cytomegalovirus infection [in Chinese]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2019; 57 (08) 597-602
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Paradowska E, Jabłońska A, Studzińska M. et al. Cytomegalovirus glycoprotein H genotype distribution and the relationship with hearing loss in children. J Med Virol 2014; 86 (08) 1421-1427
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 White JL, Patel EU, Abraham AG. et al. Prevalence, magnitude, and genotype distribution of urinary cytomegalovirus (CMV) shedding among CMV-seropositive children and adolescents in the United States. Open Forum Infect Dis 2019; 6 (07) ofz272
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Alkhawaja S, Ismaeel A, Botta G, Senok AC. The prevalence of congenital and perinatal cytomegalovirus infections among newborns of seropositive mothers. J Infect Dev Ctries 2012; 6 (05) 410-415
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Yoo HS, Sung SI, Jung YJ. et al. Prevention of cytomegalovirus transmission via breast milk in extremely low birth weight infants. Yonsei Med J 2015; 56 (04) 998-1006
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Maschmann J, Hamprecht K, Dietz K, Jahn G, Speer CP. Cytomegalovirus infection of extremely low-birth weight infants via breast milk. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 33 (12) 1998-2003
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Suárez NM, Musonda KG, Escriva E. et al. Multiple-strain infections of human cytomegalovirus with high genomic diversity are common in breast milk from human immunodeficiency virus-infected women in Zambia. J Infect Dis 2019; 220 (05) 792-801
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar