Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1016/j.homp.2010.05.002
Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor expression in KATO-III cells after Helicobacter pylori stimulation under the influence of strychnos Nux vomica and Calendula officinalis
Subject Editor:
Publication History
Received19 June 2009
revised31 March 2010
accepted17 May 2010
Publication Date:
20 December 2017 (online)
Introduction: Previous studies have shown the stimulating effect of Helicobacter pylori on the gene expression of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) using the gastric epithelial cell line KATO-III. Strychnos Nux vomica (Nux vomica) and Calendula officinalis are used in highly diluted form in homeopathic medicine to treat patients suffering from gastritis and gastric ulcers.
Aim and method: To investigate the influence of Nux vomica and Calendula officinalis on HB-EGF-like growth factor gene expression in KATO-III cells under the stimulation of H. pylori strain N6 using real-time PCR with and without addition of Nux vomica and Calendula officinalis as a 10c or 12c potency.
Results: Baseline expression and stimulation were similar to previous experiments, addition of Nux vomica 10c and Calendula officinalis 10c in a 43% ethanolic solution led to a significant reduction of H. pylori induced increase in gene expression of HB-EGF (reduced to 53.12 ± 0.95% and 75.32 ± 1.16% vs. control; p<0.05), respectively. Nux vomica 12c reduced HB-EGF gene expression even in dilutions beyond Avogadro’s number (55.77 ± 1.09%; p<0.05). Nux vomica 12c in a 21.5% ethanol showed a smaller effect (71.80 ± 3.91%, p<0.05). This effect was only be observed when the drugs were primarily prepared in ethanol, not in aqueous solutions. The data suggest that both drugs prepared in ethanolic solution are potent inhibitors of H. pylori induced gene expression.
Keywords
HB-EGF - Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF)-like growth factor - KATO-3 - KATO-III - H. pylori - Nux vomica - Calendula officinalisRoland Hofbauer and Eva Pasching contributed equally to this work.
-
References
- 1 Higashiyama S., Abraham J.A., Miller J. et al. A heparin-binding growth factor secreted by macrophage-like cells that is related to EGF. Science 1991; 251: 936-939.
- 2 Higashiyama S., Lau K., Besner G.E. et al. Structure of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor: multiple forms, primary structure, and glycosylation of the mature protein. J Biol Chem 1992; 267: 6205-6212.
- 3 Lipkin M. Growth and development of gastrointestinal cells. Annu Rev Physiol 1985; 47: 175-197.
- 4 Murayma Y., Miyagawa J.I., Higashiyama S. et al. Localisation of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor in human gastric mucosa. Gastroenterol 1995; 109: 1051-1059.
- 5 Consensus Conference H. pylori infections, a paradigm for chronic mucosal inflammation: pathogenesis and implications for eradication and prevention. Adv Intern Med 1996; 4 NIH. 85-119.
- 6 Labenz J., Borsch G. Highly significant change of the clinical course of relapsing and complicated peptide ulcer disease after cure of H pylori infection. Am J Gastroenterol 1994; 89: 1785-1788.
- 7 Wyle F., Chang K.J., Stachura J. et al. H pylori cytokines and the healing of experimental gastric ulcer. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1993; 5: 75-79.
- 8 Romano M., Ricci V., DiPopolo A. et al. H pylori upregulates expression of epidermal growth factor-related peptides, but inhibits their proliferative effect in MKN 28 gastric mucosal cells. J Clin Invest 1998; 101: 1604-1613.
- 9 Komori M., Tsuji S., Sun W.H. et al. Gastrin enhances gastric mucosal integrity through cyclooxygenase-2 upregulation in rats. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2002; 283: 1368-1378.
- 10 Kayanoki Y., Che W., Kawata S. et al. The effect of cilostazol, a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase III inhibitor, on heparin binding EGF-like growth factor expression in macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997; 238: 478-481.
- 11 Stedman T.L. Poisons & antidotes. Steadman Shorter’s Medical Dictionary . 1942. Wilcox & Follett Co.;
- 12 Hänsel R., Keller K., Rimpler H. et al. Drogen P–Z (Drugs P–Z) 5th edn. Berlin: Springer Verlag; Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis . Handbook of pharmaceutical practice. Vol 4. 1994.
- 13 Cai B., Nagasawa T., Kadota S. et al. Processing of nux vomica. VII. Antinociceptive effects of crude alkaloids from the processed and unprocessed seeds of strychnos nux-vomica in mice. Biol Pharm Bull 1996; 19: 127-131.
- 14 Hänsel R., Keller K., Rimpler H. et al. Drogen A–D (Drugs A–D) Berlin: Springer Verlag; Hagers Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis . Handbook of pharmaceutical practice 5th edn. Vol 4. 1992.
- 15 Koh Y.H., Che W., Higashiyama S. et al. Osmotic stress induces HB-EGF gene expression via Ca(2+)/Pyk2/JNK signal cascades in rat aortic smooth muscle cells. J Biochem (Tokyo) 2001; 130: 351-358.
- 16 Yoshimura K., Uchida G., Okazaki M. et al. Differential expression of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF)mRNA in normal human keratinocytes induced by a variety of natural and synthetic retinoids. Exp Dermatol 2003; 12 (Suppl. 02) 28-34.
- 17 Naglich J.G., Metherall J.E., Russell D.W. et al. Expression cloning of a diphtheria toxin receptor: identity with a heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor precursor. Cell 1992; 69: 1051-1061.
- 18 Iwamoto R., Mekada E. Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor: a juxtacrine growth factor. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2000; 11: 335-344.
- 19 Miyazaki Y., Shinomura S., Higashiyama S. et al. Heparin-binding EGF like growth factor is an autocrine growth factor for rat gastric epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996; 223: 36-41.
- 20 Barnard J.A., Beauchamp R.D., Russell W.E. et al. Epidermal growth factor-related peptides and their relevance to gastrointestinal pathophysiology. Gastroenterology 1995; 108: 564-580.
- 21 Resch G., Gutmann V. Scientific Foundations of Homoeopathy. Berg Starnberger See: O. Verlag; 1987.
- 22 Ran J., Zhao L., Xu Q. et al. Solubilization of cyclosporin A. AAPS Pharm Sci Tech 2001; 18: E2.
- 23 Ahmed M.O. Comparison of impact of the different hydrophilic carriers on the properties of piperazine-containing drug. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2001; 51: 221-225.
- 24 Sukul A., Sinhabau S.P., Sukul N.C. Reduction of alcohol induced sleep time in albino mice by potentized Nux vomica prepared with 90% ethanol. Br Homeopath J 1999; 88: 58-61.
- 25 Gupta R., Manchanda R.K. Reiter’s disease treated with Nux vomica. Homeopathy 2006; 95: 103-104.
- 26 Deng X.K., Yin W., Li W.D. et al. The anti-tumor effects of alkaloids from the seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica on HepG2 cells and its possible mechanism. J Ethnopharmacol 2006; 106: 179-186.
- 27 Sukul N.C., Ghosh S., Sinhababu S.P. et al. Strychnos nux-vomica extract and its ultra-high dilution reduce voluntary ethanol intake in rats. J Altern Complement Med 2001; 7: 187-193.