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Z Gastroenterol 2018; 56(09): 1063-1076
DOI: 10.1055/a-0603-4240
DOI: 10.1055/a-0603-4240
Originalarbeit
Stellenwert der Abdomensonografie in der Hämatologie
The role of abdominal ultrasound in hematological diseasesFurther Information
Publication History
11 December 2017
28 March 2018
Publication Date:
17 September 2018 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Bei Erstdiagnose hämatologischer Systemerkrankungen liegen oft nur unspezifische Symptome vor, sodass eine Abdomensonografie häufig im Rahmen der primären Abklärung erfolgt. Die Detektion einer Splenomegalie und pathologischer Lymphome, aber auch anderer Befunde kann wertvolle Hinweise auf die Grunderkrankung geben. Auch bei vermuteten Lymphknotenvergrößerungen wird häufig primär eine Sonografie durchgeführt, die bei Nachweis lymphomverdächtiger Befunde in gleicher Sitzung ein initiales Staging ermöglicht und zur Planung des diagnostischen Vorgehens beiträgt. Aufgrund ihrer schnellen und auch bettseitigen Verfügbarkeit, fehlenden Strahlenbelastung sowie unlimitierten Wiederholbarkeit sind sonografische Untersuchungen auch in der initialen Abklärung von Anämie, Leukopenie, Leukozytose und Thrombozytopenie sowie bei hämatologischen Erkrankungen in der Detektion von Komplikationen, der Verlaufsbeobachtung und Nachsorge ein wertvolles diagnostisches Instrument.
Abstract
At the time of primary diagnosis, hematological diseases often present with unspecific symptoms, and abdominal sonography is performed as part of the initial diagnostic work-up. The detection of an enlarged spleen, of pathological lymph nodes or of other findings may help to suspect hematological diseases. Also, in case of suspected lymph node enlargement, sonography may be a first step. If detection of enlarged and pathological lymph nodes leads to suspicion of malignant lymphomas, examination of further lymph node stations may give an initial impression of the stage of disease and can help in planning further diagnostic strategies. Due to its wide availability, the feasibility of bedside examination, lack of radiation exposure and easy repeatability, sonographic examinations may also play an important role in the initial work-up of anemia, leucopenia, leukocytosis, and thrombopenia as well as for the detection of complications when following up on hematological diseases.
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