Prophylaxe, Diagnostik und Therapie der Hepatitis-C-Virus(HCV)-Infektion

Schlüsselwörter

Hepatitis C - HCV

Publication History

Article published online:
16 November 2020

• Literatur

• 1 [Anonym]. https://www.who.int/hepatitis/publications/hep-elimination-by-2030-brief/en/ ; https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-de/service/publikationen/bis-2030-strategie-zur-eindaemmung-von-hiv-hepatitis-b-und-c-und-anderen-sexuell-uebertragbaren-infektionen-730444
• 2 Thrift AP, El-Serag HB, Kanwal F. Global epidemiology and burden of HCV infection and HCV-related disease. Nature reviews Gastroenterology & hepatology 2017; 14: 122-132
• 3 Manns MP, Buti M, Gane E. et al. Hepatitis C virus infection. Nature reviews Disease primers 2017; 3: 17006
• 4 Dakic Z, Duric P, Fabri M. et al. Validity of hepatitis B and hepatitis C case definitions. Journal of infection and public health 2019;
• 5 Hajarizadeh B, Grebely J, Applegate T. et al. Dynamics of HCV RNA levels during acute hepatitis C virus infection. Journal of medical virology 2014; 86: 1722-1729
• 6 Thomson EC, Fleming VM, Main J. et al. Predicting spontaneous clearance of acute hepatitis C virus in a large cohort of HIV-1-infected men. Gut 2011; 60: 837-845
• 7 Heffernan A, Cooke GS, Nayagam S. et al. Scaling up prevention and treatment towards the elimination of hepatitis C: a global mathematical model. Lancet (London, England) 2019; 393: 1319-1329
• 8 Balistreri WF, Murray KF, Rosenthal P. et al. The safety and effectiveness of ledipasvir-sofosbuvir in adolescents 12–17 years old with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection. Hepatology 2017; 66: 371-378
• 9 Indolfi G, Hierro L, Dezsofi A. et al. Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Children: A Position Paper by the Hepatology Committee of European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition 2018; 66: 505-515
• 10 Jonas MM, Squires RH, Rhee SM. et al. Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in Adolescents With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus: Part 1 of the DORA Study. Hepatology 2020; 71: 456-462
• 11 Jonas MM, Lon HK, Rhee S. et al Pharmacokinetics of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in children with chronic HCV-infection: Interim analysis of part 2 of the DORA study. Hepatology (Suppl) 2019: 934A
• 12 Jonas MM, Romero R, Sokal EM. et al Safety and Efficacy of Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir in Pediatric Patients 6 to <18 Years Old with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection. Hepatology (Suppl) 2019 465A.
• 13 Murray KF, Balistreri WF, Bansal S. et al. Safety and Efficacy of Ledipasvir-Sofosbuvir With or Without Ribavirin for Chronic Hepatitis C in Children Ages 6–11. Hepatology 2018; 68: 2158-2166
• 14 Schwarz KB, Rosenthal P, Murray KF. et al. Ledipasvir-Sofosbuvir for 12 Weeks in Children 3 to <6 Years Old With Chronic Hepatitis C. Hepatology 2020; 71: 422-430
• 15 Afdhal N, Zeuzem S, Kwo P. et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for untreated HCV genotype 1 infection. The New England journal of medicine 2014; 370: 1889-1898
• 16 Kwo P, Gane EJ, Peng CY. et al. Effectiveness of Elbasvir and Grazoprevir Combination, With or Without Ribavirin, for Treatment-Experienced Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Infection. Gastroenterology 2017; 152: 164-175 e164
• 17 Esteban R, Pineda JA, Calleja JL. et al. Efficacy of Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir, With and Without Ribavirin, in Patients With Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3 Infection and Cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2018; 155: 1120-1127 e1124
• 18 Rockstroh JK, Lacombe K, Viani RM. et al. Efficacy and Safety of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in Patients Coinfected With Hepatitis C Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: The EXPEDITION-2 Study. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2018; 67: 1010-1017
• 19 Wyles D, Brau N, Kottilil S. et al. Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir for the Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus in Patients Coinfected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: An Open-Label, Phase 3 Study. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2017; 65: 6-12
• 20 Rockstroh JK, Nelson M, Katlama C. et al. Efficacy and safety of grazoprevir (MK-5172) and elbasvir (MK-8742) in patients with hepatitis C virus and HIV co-infection (C-EDGE CO-INFECTION): a non-randomised, open-label trial. The lancet HIV 2015; 2: e319-e327
• 21 Belperio PS, Shahoumian TA, Mole LA. et al. Evaluation of hepatitis B reactivation among 62920 veterans treated with oral hepatitis C antivirals. Hepatology 2017; 66: 27-36
• 22 Chen G, Wang C, Chen J. et al. Hepatitis B reactivation in hepatitis B and C coinfected patients treated with antiviral agents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hepatology 2017; 66: 13-26
• 23 Ng TI, Krishnan P, Pilot-Matias T. et al. In Vitro Antiviral Activity and Resistance Profile of the Next-Generation Hepatitis C Virus NS5A Inhibitor Pibrentasvir. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2017; 61: e02558-16
• 24 Ng TI, Tripathi R, Reisch T. et al. In Vitro Antiviral Activity and Resistance Profile of the Next-Generation Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4A Protease Inhibitor Glecaprevir. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2017; 62: e01620-17
• 25 Lawitz EJ, O’Riordan WD, Asatryan A. et al. Potent Antiviral Activities of the Direct-Acting Antivirals ABT-493 and ABT-530 with Three-Day Monotherapy for Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 Infection. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2015; 60: 1546-1555
• 26 Zuckerman E, Gutierrez JA, Dylla DE. et al. Eight Weeks Treatment With Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir Is Safe and Efficacious in an Integrated Analysis of Treatment-Naive Patients With Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology: the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association 2020;
• 27 Puoti M, Foster GR, Wang S. et al. High SVR12 with 8-week and 12-week glecaprevir/pibrentasvir therapy: An integrated analysis of HCV genotype 1–6 patients without cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2018; 69: 293-300
• 28 Asselah T, Kowdley KV, Zadeikis N. et al. Efficacy of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir for 8 or 12 Weeks in Patients With Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 2, 4, 5, or 6 Infection Without Cirrhosis. Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology: the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association 2018; 16: 417-426
• 29 Gane E, Lawitz E, Pugatch D. et al. Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir in Patients with HCV and Severe Renal Impairment. The New England journal of medicine 2017; 377: 1448-1455
• 30 Zeuzem S, Foster GR, Wang S. et al. Glecaprevir-Pibrentasvir for 8 or 12 Weeks in HCV-Genotype 1 or 3 Infection. The New England journal of medicine 2018; 378: 354-369
• 31 Berg T, Naumann U, Stoehr A. et al. Real-world effectiveness and safety of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection: data from the German Hepatitis C-Registry. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 2019; 49: 1052-1059
• 32 Forns X, Lee SS, Valdes J. et al. Glecaprevir plus pibrentasvir for chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, or 6 infection in adults with compensated cirrhosis (EXPEDITION-1): a single-arm, open-label, multicentre phase 3 trial. The Lancet Infectious diseases 2017; 17: 1062-1068
• 33 Wyles D, Poordad F, Wang S. et al. Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for hepatitis C virus genotype 3 patients with cirrhosis and/or prior treatment experience: A partially randomized phase 3 clinical trial. Hepatology 2017
• 34 Brown Jr RS, Buti M, Rodrigues L. et al. Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for 8weeks in treatment-naive patients with chronic HCV genotypes 1–6 and compensated cirrhosis: The EXPEDITION-8 trial. J Hepatol 2020; 72: 441-449
• 35 Flamm S, Mutimer D, Asatryan A. et al. Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in patients with chronic HCV genotype 3 infection: An integrated phase 2/3 analysis. Journal of viral hepatitis 2019; 26: 337-349
• 36 Krishnan P, Pilot-Matias T, Schnell G. et al. Pooled Resistance Analysis in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 to 6 Infection Treated with Glecaprevir-Pibrentasvir in Phase 2 and 3 Clinical Trials. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2018; 62: e01249-18
• 37 Lawitz E, Freilich B, Link J. et al. A phase 1, randomized, dose-ranging study of GS-5816, a once-daily NS5A inhibitor, in patients with genotype 1–4 hepatitis C virus. Journal of viral hepatitis 2015; 22: 1011-1019
• 38 Lawitz EJ, Dvory-Sobol H, Doehle BP. et al. Clinical Resistance to Velpatasvir (GS-5816), a Novel Pan-Genotypic Inhibitor of the Hepatitis C Virus NS5A Protein. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2016; 60: 5368-5378
• 39 Lawitz EJ, Rodriguez-Torres M, Denning J. et al. All-oral therapy with nucleotide inhibitors sofosbuvir and GS-0938 for 14 days in treatment-naive genotype 1 hepatitis C (nuclear). Journal of viral hepatitis 2013; 20: 699-707
• 40 Feld JJ, Jacobson IM, Hezode C. et al. Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir for HCV-Genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 Infection. The New England journal of medicine 2015; 373: 2599-2607
• 41 Foster GR, Afdhal N, Roberts SK. et al. Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir for HCV-Genotype 2 and 3 Infection. The New England journal of medicine 2015; 373: 2608-2617
• 42 Everson GT, Towner WJ, Davis MN. et al. Sofosbuvir With Velpatasvir in Treatment-Naive Noncirrhotic Patients With Genotype 1 to 6 Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Randomized Trial. Annals of internal medicine 2015; 163: 818-826
• 43 Belperio PS, Shahoumian TA, Loomis TP. et al. Real-world effectiveness of daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir and velpatasvir/sofosbuvir in hepatitis C genotype 2 and 3. J Hepatol 2019; 70: 15-23
• 44 Gottwein JM, Pham LV, Mikkelsen LS. et al. Efficacy of NS5A Inhibitors Against Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes 1–7 and Escape Variants. Gastroenterology 2018; 154: 1435-1448
• 45 Esteban R, Pineda JA, Calleja JL. et al. Efficacy of Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir, With and Without Ribavirin, in Patients With Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3 Infection and Cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2018; 155: 1120
• 46 Roberts SK, Buti M, Foster GR. et al. Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir for Patients with Chronic Genotype 3 HCV Infection with Compensated Cirrhosis: An Integrated Analysis of Phase 2 and Phase 3 Clinical Trials. Hepatology 2018; 68: 373a-374a
• 47 von Felden J, Vermehren J, Ingiliz P. et al. High efficacy of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir and impact of baseline resistance-associated substitutions in hepatitis C genotype 3 infection. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 2018; 47: 1288-1295
• 48 Afdhal N, Reddy KR, Nelson DR. et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for previously treated HCV genotype 1 infection. The New England journal of medicine 2014; 370: 1483-1493
• 49 Bourliere M, Sulkowski MS, Omata M. et al. An Integrated Safety and Efficacy Analysis of > 500 Patients with Compensated Cirrhosis Treated with Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir with or without Ribavirin. Hepatology 2014; 60: 239a-239a
• 50 Kohli A, Kapoor R, Sims Z. et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for hepatitis C genotype 4: a proof-of-concept, single-centre, open-label phase 2a cohort study. The Lancet Infectious diseases 2015; 15: 1049-1054
• 51 Abergel A, Metivier S, Samuel D. et al. Ledipasvir plus sofosbuvir for 12 weeks in patients with hepatitis C genotype 4 infection. Hepatology 2016; 64: 1049-1056
• 52 Kowdley KV, Gordon SC, Reddy KR. et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for 8 or 12 weeks for chronic HCV without cirrhosis. The New England journal of medicine 2014; 370: 1879-1888
• 53 Vermehren J, Maasoumy B, Maan R. et al. Applicability of Hepatitis C Virus RNA Viral Load Thresholds for 8-Week Treatments in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 Infection. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2016; 62: 1228-1234
• 54 Buggisch P, Vermehren J, Mauss S. et al. Real-world effectiveness of 8-week treatment with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir in chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol 2018; 68: 663-671
• 55 El-Sayed MH, Hassany M, Ebeid FSE. et al. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir for 8 weeks cures genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C in non-cirrhotic children and adolescents. Journal of hepatology 2019; 70: E221-E221
• 56 Zeuzem S, Ghalib R, Reddy KR. et al. Grazoprevir-Elbasvir Combination Therapy for Treatment-Naive Cirrhotic and Noncirrhotic Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1, 4, or 6 Infection: A Randomized Trial. Annals of internal medicine 2015; 163: 1-13
• 57 Kwo P, Gane E, Peng CY. et al. Efficacy and safety of Grazoprevir/Elbasvir plus/–RBV for 12 weeks in patients with HCV G1 or G4 infection who previously failed peginterferon/RBV: C-EDGE treatment-experienced trial. Journal of hepatology 2015; 62: S674-S675
• 58 Buti M, Gordon SC, Zuckerman E. et al. Grazoprevir, Elbasvir, and Ribavirin for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 Infection After Failure of Pegylated Interferon and Ribavirin With an Earlier-Generation Protease Inhibitor: Final 24-Week Results From C-SALVAGE. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2016; 62: 32-36
• 59 Asselah T, Reesink H, Gerstoft J. et al. Efficacy of elbasvir and grazoprevir in participants with hepatitis C virus genotype 4 infection: A pooled analysis. Liver international: official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver 2018; 38: 1583-1591
• 60 Abergel A, Hezode C, Asselah T. et al. High Efficacy and Safety of the Combination HCV Regimen Elbasvir and Grazoprevir for 8 Weeks in Treatment-Naive, Non-Severe Fibrosis HCV GT1b-Infected Patients: Final Results of the Streager Study. Hepatology 2018; 68: 1453a-1454a
• 61 Abergel A, Hezode C, Asselah T. et al. High efficacy and safety of the combination HCV regimen elbasvir and grazoprevir for 8 weeks in treatment-naive non-severe fibrosis HCVGT1b-infected patients: Final results of the STREAGER study. Journal of hepatology 2019; 70: E207-E207
• 62 Yu ML, Hung CH, Cheng PN. et al. An open-label, randomized, active-control trial of 8-week versus 12-week elbasvir/grazoprevir in nave HCV genotype-1b patients with mild fibrosis (EGALITE). Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 2018; 33: 136-136
• 63 Yu ML, Hung CH, Cheng PN. et al. Efficacy of 8 Weeks Versus 12 Weeks of Elbasvir/Grazoprevir in Treatment-Naive Chronic Hepatitis C Genotype 1b Patients with Mild Fibrosis: An Open-Label, Randomized, Active Control Trial (EGALITE)-Interim Report. Hepatology 2018; 68: 595a-596a
• 64 Asselah T, Pol S, Hezode C. et al. Efficacy and Safety of Elbasvir/Grazoprevir for 8 or 12 Weeks in Participants with Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 4 Infection. Hepatology 2018; 68: 385a-385a
• 65 Poordad F, Nelson DR, Feld JJ. et al. Safety of the 2D/3D direct-acting antiviral regimen in HCV-induced Child-Pugh A cirrhosis – A pooled analysis. J Hepatol 2017; 67: 700-707
• 66 Padegimas A, Forde KA, Goldberg LR. et al. Myo-pericarditis secondary to ledipasvir-sofosbuvir therapy. J Hepatol 2016; 64: 1196-1198
• 67 Marchan-Lopez A, Dominguez-Dominguez L, Kessler-Saiz P. et al. Liver failure in human immunodeficiency virus – Hepatitis C virus coinfection treated with sofosbuvir, ledipasvir and antiretroviral therapy. J Hepatol 2016; 64: 752-753
• 68 Welker MW, Luhne S, Lange CM. et al. Lactic acidosis in patients with hepatitis C virus cirrhosis and combined ribavirin/sofosbuvir treatment. J Hepatol 2016; 64: 790-799
• 69 Hoofnagle JH. Hepatic decompensation during direct-acting antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol 2016; 64: 763-765
• 70 Zimmermann T, Beckebaum S, Berg C. et al. Expert recommendations: Hepatitis C and transplantation. Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie 2016; 54: 665-684
• 71 Cheung MC, Walker AJ, Hudson BE. et al. Outcomes after successful direct-acting antiviral therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C and decompensated cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2016; 65: 741-747
• 72 Belli LS, Berenguer M, Cortesi PA. et al. Delisting of liver transplant candidates with chronic hepatitis C after viral eradication: A European study. J Hepatol 2016; 65: 524-531
• 73 Curry MP, O’Leary JG, Bzowej N. et al. Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir for HCV in Patients with Decompensated Cirrhosis. The New England journal of medicine 2015; 373: 2618-2628
• 74 Charlton M, Gane E, Manns MP. et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin for treatment of compensated recurrent hepatitis C virus infection after liver transplantation. Gastroenterology 2015; 148: 108-117
• 75 Manns M, Samuel D, Gane EJ. et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir plus ribavirin in patients with genotype 1 or 4 hepatitis C virus infection and advanced liver disease: a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial. The Lancet infectious diseases 2016; 16: 685-697
• 76 Bourliere M, Bronowicki JP, de Ledinghen V. et al. Ledipasvir-sofosbuvir with or without ribavirin to treat patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis non-responsive to previous protease-inhibitor therapy: a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 trial (SIRIUS). The Lancet Infectious diseases 2015; 15: 397-404
• 77 Gane EJ, Robson RA, Bonacini M. et al. Safety, Anti-Viral Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics (PK) of Sofosbuvir (SOF) in Patients with Severe Renal Impairment. Hepatology 2014; 60: 667a-667a
• 78 Roth D, Nelson DR, Bruchfeld A. et al. Grazoprevir plus elbasvir in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection and stage 4–5 chronic kidney disease (the C-SURFER study): a combination phase 3 study. Lancet (London, England) 2015; 386: 1537-1545
• 79 Borgia SM, Dearden J, Yoshida EM. et al. Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir for 12weeks in hepatitis C virus-infected patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis. J Hepatol 2019; 71: 660-665
• 80 Desnoyer A, Pospai D, Le MP. et al. Pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of a full dose sofosbuvir-based regimen given daily in hemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol 2016; 65: 40-47
• 81 Saxena V, Koraishy FM, Sise ME. et al. Safety and efficacy of sofosbuvir-containing regimens in hepatitis C-infected patients with impaired renal function. Liver international: official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver 2016; 36: 807-816
• 82 Singh T, Guirguis J, Anthony S. et al. Sofosbuvir-based treatment is safe and effective in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection and end stage renal disease: a case series. Liver international: official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver 2016; 36: 802-806
• 83 Lawitz E, Landis CS, Flamm SL. et al. Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin and sofosbuvir plus ledipasvir in patients with genotype 1 or 3 hepatitis C virus and severe renal impairment: a multicentre, phase 2b, non-randomised, open-label study. The lancet Gastroenterology & hepatology 2020;
• 84 Feld JJ, Jacobson IM, Hezode C. et al. Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir for HCV-Genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 Infection. The New England journal of medicine 2015; 373: 2599-2607
• 85 Wyles DL, Ruane PJ, Sulkowski MS. et al. Daclatasvir plus Sofosbuvir for HCV in Patients Coinfected with HIV-1. The New England journal of medicine 2015; 373: 714-725
• 86 Hezode C, Chevaliez S, Scoazec G. et al. Retreatment with sofosbuvir and simeprevir of patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 or 4 who previously failed a daclatasvir-containing regimen. Hepatology 2016; 63: 1809-1816
• 87 Susser S, Dietz J, Vermehren J. et al. European Ravs Database: Frequency and Characteristics of Ravs in Treatment-Naive and Daa-Experienced Patients. Journal of hepatology 2016; 64: S139-S139
• 88 Kwo P, Gitlin N, Nahass R. et al. Simeprevir plus sofosbuvir (12 and 8 weeks) in hepatitis C virus genotype 1-infected patients without cirrhosis: OPTIMIST-1, a phase 3, randomized study. Hepatology 2016; 64: 370-380
• 89 Sarrazin C. The importance of resistance to direct antiviral drugs in HCV infection in clinical practice. J Hepatol 2016; 64: 486-504
• 90 Lenz O, Verbinnen T, Fevery B. et al. Virology analyses of HCV isolates from genotype 1-infected patients treated with simeprevir plus peginterferon/ribavirin in Phase IIb/III studies. J Hepatol 2015; 62: 1008-1014
• 91 Krishnan P, Beyer J, Mistry N. et al. In vitro and in vivo antiviral activity and resistance profile of ombitasvir, an inhibitor of hepatitis C virus NS5A. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2015; 59: 979-987
• 92 Krishnan P, Tripathi R, Schnell G. et al. Pooled analysis of resistance in patients treated with ombitasvir/ABT-450/r and dasabuvir with or without ribavirin in Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical trials. Hepatology 2014; 60: 1134a-1135a
• 93 Svarovskaia ES, Gane E, Dvory-Sobol H. et al. L159F and V321A Sofosbuvir-Associated Hepatitis C Virus NS5B Substitutions. The Journal of infectious diseases 2016; 213: 1240-1247
• 94 Svarovskaia ES, Dvory-Sobol H, Parkin N. et al. Infrequent development of resistance in genotype 1–6 hepatitis C virus-infected subjects treated with sofosbuvir in phase 2 and 3 clinical trials. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2014; 59: 1666-1674
• 95 Hedskog C, Dvory-Sobol H, Gontcharova V. et al. Evolution of the HCV viral population from a patient with S282T detected at relapse after sofosbuvir monotherapy. Journal of viral hepatitis 2015; 22: 871-881
• 96 Vermehren J, Dietz J, Peiffer KH. et al. Resistance Analysis in Direct Acting Antiviral-Experienced Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection Treated with Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir/Voxilaprevir (SOF/VEL/VOX) – Results from the Frankfurt Resistance Database. Hepatology 2018; 68: 397a-397a
• 97 Krishnan P, Tripathi R, Schnell G. et al. Long-Term Follow-up of Treatment-Emergent Resistance-Associated Variants in Ns3, Ns5a and Ns5b with Paritaprevir/R-, Ombitasvir- and Dasabuvir-Based Regimens. Journal of hepatology 2015; 62: S220-S220
• 98 Dietz J, Spengler U, Mullhaupt B. et al. Efficacy of Retreatment After Failed Direct-acting Antiviral Therapy in Patients With HCV-Genotype 1–3 Infections. Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology: the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association 2019;
• 99 Kozbial K, Al-Zoairy R, Gschwantler M. et al. Management of patients with chronic hepatitis C failing repeated courses of interferon‐free direct acting antiviral combination therapy. GastroHep 2019; 1: 76-83
• 100 Lawitz E, Flamm S, Yang JC. et al. Retreatment of Patients Who Failed 8 or 12 Weeks of Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir- Based Regimens with Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir for 24 Weeks. Journal of hepatology 2015; 62: S192-S192
• 101 Bourliere M, Gordon SC, Flamm SL. et al. Sofosbuvir, Velpatasvir, and Voxilaprevir for Previously Treated HCV Infection. The New England journal of medicine 2017; 376: 2134-2146
• 102 Sarrazin C, Cooper CL, Manns MP. et al. No impact of resistance-associated substitutions on the efficacy of sofosbuvir, velpatasvir, and voxilaprevir for 12weeks in HCV DAA-experienced patients. J Hepatol 2018; 69: 1221-1230
• 103 Sarrazin C, Cooper CL, Manns MP. et al. No impact of resistance-associated substitutions on the efficacy of sofosbuvir, velpatasvir, and voxilaprevir for 12 weeks in HCV DAA-experienced patients. Journal of hepatology 2018; 69: 1221-1230
• 104 Llaneras J, Riveiro-Barciela M, Lens S. et al. Effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir in patients with chronic hepatitis C previously treated with DAAs. J Hepatol 2019; 71: 666-672
• 105 Degasperi E, Spinetti A, Lombardi A. et al. Real-life effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir in hepatitis C patients with previous DAA failure. J Hepatol 2019; 71: 1106-1115
• 106 Curry MP, O’Leary JG, Bzowej N. et al. Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir for HCV in Patients with Decompensated Cirrhosis. The New England journal of medicine 2015; 373: 2618-2628
• 107 Pearlman B, Perrys M, Hinds A. Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir/Voxilaprevir for Previous Treatment Failures With Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in Chronic Hepatitis C Infection. The American journal of gastroenterology 2019;
• 108 Pearlman B, Perrys M, Hinds A. Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir/Voxilaprevir for Previous Treatment Failures With Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in Chronic Hepatitis C Infection. The American journal of gastroenterology 2019; 114: 1550-1552
• 109 Wyles D, Weiland O, Yao B. et al. Retreatment of patients who failed glecaprevir/pibrentasvir treatment for hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol 2019; 70: 1019-1023
• 110 Foster GR, Afdhal N, Roberts SK. et al. Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir for HCV-Genotype 2 and 3 Infection. The New England journal of medicine 2015; 373: 2608-2617
• 111 Hezode C, Reau N, Svarovskaia E. et al. Resistance Analysis in 1284 Patients with Genotype 1 to 6 Hcv Infection Treated with Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir in the Phase 3 Astral-1, Astral-2, Astral-3 and Astral-4 Studies. Journal of hepatology 2016; 64: S399-S400
• 112 Krishnan P, Schnell G, Tripathi R. et al. Integrated Resistance Analysis of CERTAIN-1 and CERTAIN-2 Studies in Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients Receiving Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir in Japan. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2018; 62: e02217-17
• 113 Manns M, Pol S, Jacobson IM. et al. All-oral daclatasvir plus asunaprevir for hepatitis C virus genotype 1b: a multinational, phase 3, multicohort study. Lancet (London, England) 2014; 384: 1597-1605
• 114 Sarrazin C, Dvory-Sobol H, Svarovskaia ES. et al. Baseline and Post-baseline Resistance Analyses of Phase 2/3 Studies of Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir ± RBV. Hepatology 2014; 60: 1128a-1128a
• 115 Sullivan JC, De Meyer S, Bartels DJ. et al. Evolution of Treatment-Emergent Resistant Variants in Telaprevir Phase 3 Clinical Trials. Journal of hepatology 2011; 54: S4-S4
• 116 Reddy KR, Pol S, Thuluvath PJ. et al. Long-term follow-up of patients treated with daclatasvir-based regimens in phase 2 and 3 studies. Hepatology 2014; 60: 1154a-1155a
• 117 Howe AY, Long JM, Thompson S. et al. Analysis of the Durability of Response and Persistance of Resistance Associated Variants during Long Term Follow Up after Boceprevir plus Pegylated Interferon/Ribavirin Therapy-3 Year Analysis. Hepatology 2013; 58: 1095a-1095a
• 118 Lawitz E, Mangia A, Wyles D. et al. Sofosbuvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C infection. The New England journal of medicine 2013; 368: 1878-1887
• 119 Jacobson IM, Gordon SC, Kowdley KV. et al. Sofosbuvir for hepatitis C genotype 2 or 3 in patients without treatment options. The New England journal of medicine 2013; 368: 1867-1877
• 120 Renet S, Chaumais MC, Antonini T. et al. Extreme bradycardia after first doses of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir in patients receiving amiodarone: 2 cases including a rechallenge. Gastroenterology 2015; 149: 1378-1380 e1371
• 121 Fontaine H, Lazarus A, Pol S. et al. Bradyarrhythmias Associated with Sofosbuvir Treatment. The New England journal of medicine 2015; 373: 1886-1888
• 122 Back DJ, Burger DM. Interaction between amiodarone and sofosbuvir-based treatment for hepatitis C virus infection: potential mechanisms and lessons to be learned. Gastroenterology 2015; 149: 1315-1317
• 123 Flamm SL, Gane EJ, DuFour JFJ. et al. Safety of ABT-450/r/Ombitasvir plus Dasabuvir With or Without Ribavirin in HCV-Genotype 1-infected Patients >= 65 Years of Age: Results From Phase 2 and 3 Trials. Hepatology 2014; 60: 1157a-1158a
• 124 Desnoyer A, Pospai D, Le MP. et al. Pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of a full dose sofosbuvir-based regimen given daily in hemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol 2016; 65: 40-47
• 125 Bhamidimarri KR, Czul F, Peyton A. et al. Safety, efficacy and tolerability of half-dose sofosbuvir plus simeprevir in treatment of Hepatitis C in patients with end stage renal disease. J Hepatol 2015; 63: 763-765
• 126 Perumpail RB, Wong RJ, Pham EA. et al. A New Standard of Care? Standard Dose Sofosbuvir in an HCV-Infected Liver Transplant Recipient Undergoing Hemodialysis. Digestive diseases and sciences 2016; 61: 39-41
• 127 Nazario HE, Ndungu M, Modi AA. Sofosbuvir and simeprevir in hepatitis C genotype 1-patients with end-stage renal disease on haemodialysis or GFR <30 ml/min. Liver international: official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver 2016; 36: 798-801
• 128 Poordad F, Schiff ER, Vierling JM. et al. Daclatasvir with sofosbuvir and ribavirin for hepatitis C virus infection with advanced cirrhosis or post-liver transplantation recurrence. Hepatology 2016; 63: 1493-1505
• 129 Zeuzem S, Dusheiko GM, Salupere R. et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin in HCV genotypes 2 and 3. The New England journal of medicine 2014; 370: 1993-2001
• 130 Kwo PY, Poordad F, Asatryan A. et al. Glecaprevir and pibrentasvir yield high response rates in patients with HCV genotype 1–6 without cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2017; 67: 263-271
• 131 Asselah T, Lee SS, Yao BB. et al. Efficacy and safety of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 5 or 6 infection (ENDURANCE-5,6): an open-label, multicentre, phase 3b trial. Lancet Gastroenterol 2019; 4: 45-51
• 132 Terrault N, Zeuzem S, Di Bisceglie AM. et al. Treatment Outcomes With 8, 12 and 24 Week Regimens of Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir for the Treatment of Hepatitis C Infection: Analysis of a Multicenter Prospective, Observational Study. Hepatology 2015; 62: 256a-256a
• 133 DeVreese L, Giguere P, Corsi D. et al. Influence of Proton Pump Inhibitors and H2 Receptor Antagonists on Direct Acting Antiviral Hcv Sustained Virologic Response. Journal of hepatology 2016; 64: S790-S790
• 134 Afdhal N, Bacon B, Curry M. et al. No Effect of Proton Pump Inhibitor (Ppi) Use on Svr with Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir (Ldv/Sof): Realworld Data from 2034 Genotype 1 Patients in the Trio Network. Journal of hepatology 2016; 64: S222-S222
• 135 Jacobson IM, Lawitz E, Gane EJ. et al. Efficacy of 8 Weeks of Sofosbuvir, Velpatasvir, and Voxilaprevir in Patients With Chronic HCV Infection: 2 Phase 3 Randomized Trials. Gastroenterology 2017; 153: 113-122
• 136 Maasoumy B, Vermehren J, Welker MW. et al. Clinical value of on-treatment HCV RNA levels during different sofosbuvir-based antiviral regimens. J Hepatol 2016; 65: 473-482
• 137 Harrington PR, Zeng W, Naeger LK. Clinical relevance of detectable but not quantifiable hepatitis C virus RNA during boceprevir or telaprevir treatment. Hepatology 2012; 55: 1048-1057
• 138 Sarrazin C, Svarovskaia ES, Martin R. HCV reinfection cases in phase 3 studies of sofosbuvir. Journal of hepatology 2015; 62: S222
• 139 Agbim U, Asrani SK. Non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis and prognosis: an update on serum and elastography markers. Expert review of gastroenterology & hepatology 2019; 13: 361-374
• 140 Friedrich-Rust M, Ong MF, Martens S. et al. Performance of transient elastography for the staging of liver fibrosis: a meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 2008; 134: 960-974
• 141 Zarski JP, David-Tchouda S, Trocme C. et al. Non-invasive fibrosis tests to predict complications in compensated post-hepatitis C cirrhosis. Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology 2019;