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Z Orthop Unfall 2023; 161(04): 405-411
DOI: 10.1055/a-1699-3403
Übersicht

Sport mit Knieprothese – Wieviel Sport ist möglich und was gilt es zu beachten ?

Article in several languages: deutsch | English
Carola Hanreich
1   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN25062)
,
Bernhard Springer
2   Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, General Hospital of the City of Vienna - Hospital of the Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Österreich (Ringgold ID: RIN31196)
,
Wenzel Waldstein
2   Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, General Hospital of the City of Vienna - Hospital of the Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Österreich (Ringgold ID: RIN31196)
,
Kilian Rueckl
3   Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopädische Klinik König-Ludwig-Haus, Würzburg, Deutschland (Ringgold ID: RIN542876)
,
Ulrich Bechler
4   Department of Orthopedics, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland (Ringgold ID: RIN37734)
,
Friedrich Boettner
1   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN25062)
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Zusammenfassung

Mit dem demografischen Wandel der Patientenpopulation, die einen Kniegelenkersatz erhält, verändern sich die Ansprüche der Patienten. Jüngere Patienten möchten sich nach Implantation einer Knietotalendoprothese (K-TEP) sportlich betätigen und zählen auf die Langlebigkeit des Implantates. Die Literatur zeigt, dass Patienten sowohl prä- als auch postoperativ vorwiegend Sportarten der Kategorie Low Impact ausüben. Ein gewisser Prozentsatz praktiziert mit entsprechender Vorerfahrung auch High-Impact-Sportarten. In der operativen Versorgung kann durch konforme Implantate die Punktbelastung der Polyethylenoberfläche verringert werden, durch eine adäquate Komponentenausrichtung erhöhter Stress an der medialen Knochen-Implantat-Schnittstelle vermieden und durch die Vermeidung eines Retropatellarersatzes eine stärkere Belastung in tiefer Kniebeuge ermöglicht werden.

Eine K-TEP sollte heutzutage kein absolutes Hindernis für High-Impact-Sportarten wie Tennis, Golf oder Skifahren sein. Viel mehr als implantatspezifische Faktoren scheinen jedoch patientenspezifische Faktoren ausschlaggebend zu sein, insbesondere das präoperative Aktivitätslevel und die präoperativen Sportgewohnheiten. Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit gibt Einblick in das tatsächliche Sportverhalten von K-TEP-Patienten, beschreibt die biomechanischen Belastungsmuster am Kniegelenk bei diversen Sportarten und fasst die wichtigsten Aspekte in der Versorgung von sportlich aktiven Patienten mit einer K-TEP zusammen.

Schlüsselwörter

Sport - Aktivität - Knie-Totalendoprothese - Patellaersatz - unikondylärer Ersatz


Publication History

Received: 22 March 2021

Accepted after revision: 12 November 2021

Article published online:
23 February 2022

© 2022. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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