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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1240736
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Funktionelle Ergebnisse nach winkelstabiler Osteosynthese der distalen Humerusfraktur mit einem anatomisch präformierten Doppelplattensystem
Functional Results after Osteosynthesis of the Distal Humerus Fracture with an Anatomically Precontoured, Angular-Stable Double Plate SystemPublication History
Publication Date:
01 February 2010 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Studienziel: Ziel der Studie war, die Ergebnisse nach Osteosynthese der distalen Humerusfraktur mit einem anatomisch präformierten, winkelstabilen Doppelplattensytem (LCP Distal Humerus Plates®, Synthes GmbH, Umkirch) zu bestimmen. Methode: Prospektive Erfassung von 51 Patienten (21 männlich/30 weiblich) mit 52 Frakturen des distalen Humerus und einem mittleren Alter von 51 Jahren (14–93), die in einem 42-Monatszeitraum mit dem oben genannten Doppelplattensystem operativ behandelt wurden. 44 Patienten mit 45 Frakturen wurden im Median nach 13 Monaten nachuntersucht. Nach Klassifizierung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (AO) fanden sich 6 A-Frakturen (13,3 %), 5 B-Frakturen (11,1 %) sowie 34 C-Frakturen (75,5 %). Der Anteil der C3-Frakturen lag bei 53 % vom Gesamtkollektiv. Es lagen 7 I ° offene (15,6 %) und 3 II ° offene (6,7 %) Frakturen vor. Neben Erhebung des Bewegungsausmaßes erfolgte die Bewertung des funktionellen Ergebnisses anhand des Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) und des Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Score (DASH). Ergebnisse: Unter Anwendung des MEPS wurde das Ergebnis unter den nachuntersuchten Patienten in 19 Fällen (43,2 %) als exzellent, in 23 als gut (52,3 %) und in jeweils 1 Fall als befriedigend und schlecht beurteilt. Im Median wurden 87,5 ± 11,8 Punkte (50–100) im MEPS erzielt. Der mediane DASH-Punktewert lag bei 14,2 ± 19,9 (0–65,8). Bei einer medianen Extension von 10 ± 14,1 ° (0–40 °) und einer Flexionsfähigkeit von 127,5 ± 17,2 ° (80–145 °) wurde ein Bewegungsausmaß (ROM) von 110 ± 23,8 ° (50–145 °) erreicht. Eine initiale Übungsstabilität der Osteosynthese wurde bei 38 Frakturen erreicht, in 7 Fällen wurde eine additive Ruhigstellung (10 bis 28 Tage) durchgeführt. Postoperative Komplikationen lagen bei 11 Patienten (24,4 %) vor. Insgesamt wurden 9 operative Revisionen durchgeführt. Schlussfolgerung: Durch das anatomisch präformierte, winkelstabile Doppelplattensystem kann mehrheitlich auch bei Trümmerfrakturen eine primär übungsstabile Osteosynthese erzielt werden. Durch frühzeitige physiotherapeutische Beübung kann so Einfluss auf das funktionelle Ergebnis genommen werden. Im vorgestellten Kollektiv wurden in 42 Fällen (95,5 %) exzellente und gute Ergebnisse erzielt. Trotz der verbesserten und überwiegend guten funktionellen Ergebnisse wurde im Vergleich zur nicht winkelstabilen Osteosynthese eine unverändert hohe Komplikationsrate am distalen Humerus registriert, was als Hinweis gewertet werden kann, dass bei der Versorgung distaler Humerusfrakturen noch Optimierungspotenzial besteht.
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional results and determine/record the complications after treating distal humerus fractures with an anatomically precontoured and angular-stable double plate system (LCP Distal Humerus Plates®, Synthes GmbH, Umkirch). Method: 51 patients (30 female, 21 male) with 52 fractures of the distal humerus and a mean age of 51 years (14–94) were prospectively recorded over a period of 42 months and treated by open reduction and internal fixation using the above-mentioned LCP Distal Humerus Plates System. Follow-up was performed in 44 patients with 45 fractures after a mean of 13 months (6–24). According to the classification system introduced by the “Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen” (AO [Association for the study of internal fixation, ASIF]) there were six A fractures (13.3 %), five B fractures (11.1 %) and 34 C fractures (75.5 %). The AO/ASIF rate of type C3 fractures was 53 %. Seven fractures were grade I (15.6 %) and three fractures grade II (6.7 %) open. In addition to clinical examination and measuring range of motion (ROM), functional results were evaluated using the Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) and the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score (DASH). Results: Using the MEPS, excellent results were achieved in 19 patients (43.2 %), good in 23 (52.3 %), fair and poor each in one. Mean MEPS was 87.5 ± 11.8 points (50–100). The mean DASH score reached 14.2 ± 19.9 (0–65.8). Having a mean extension deficit of 10 ± 14.1 ° (0–40 °) and flexion up to 127.5 ± 17.2 ° (80–145 °), the mean ROM was 110 ± 23.8 ° (50–145 °). A primary stable osteosynthesis which allows early physiotherapy was gained in 38 fractures, in seven cases additional immobilisation was carried out (10 to 28 days). Postoperative complications were seen in eleven patients (24.4 %). Overall revision surgery was necessary in nine cases. Conclusion: By using the anatomically precontoured and angular-stable LCP distal humerus plates system a stable osteosynthesis allowing early physiotherapy is achieved in the majority of patients. Due to early initiation of physical therapy the functional results might be improved. Despite using the LCP system complications at the distal humerus fracture side were seen frequently, emphasising the challenging surgical procedure and demonstrating the need for further implant and surgical procedure improvement.
Schlüsselwörter
distale Humerusfraktur - winkelstabile Osteosynthese - funktionelles Ergebnis - LCP
Key words
distal humerus fracture - angular‐stable osteosynthesis - functional results - LCP
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Dr. Kay Schmidt-Horlohé
Abteilung für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädische Chirurgie
Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main
Friedberger Landstraße 430
60389 Frankfurt am Main
Phone: 0 69/4 75 28 41
Fax: 0 69/4 75 22 23
Email: kay.schmidt-horlohe@bgu-frankfurt.de