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Semin Thromb Hemost 2011; 37(4): 375-381
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1276586
© Thieme Medical Publishers

The Plasma Contact System 2.0

Coen Maas1 , Chris Oschatz1 , Thomas Renné1
  • 1Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
30 July 2011 (online)

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ABSTRACT

The contact system is a protease cascade that is initiated by factor XII activation on cardiovascular cells. The system starts procoagulant and proinflammatory reactions, via the intrinsic pathway of coagulation and the kallikrein-kinin system, respectively. The biochemistry of the contact system in vitro is well understood. However, activators of the system in vivo and their contributions to disease states have remained enigmatic. Recent experimental and clinical data have identified misfolded proteins, collagens, and polyphosphates as the long-sought activators of the contact system in vivo. Here we present an overview about contact system activators and their contributions to health and pathology.

KEYWORDS

Factor XII - polyphosphates - misfolded proteins - collagen - kallikrein-kinin system

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Thomas Renné

Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna (L1:00)

SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden

Email: thomas@renne.net