Epidemiologie der chronischen Rhinosinusitis, ausgewählter Risikofaktoren und Komorbiditäten, und ihre ökonomischen Folgen

Zusammenfassung

Die chronische Rhinosinusitis (CRS) ist eine epidemiologisch gesehen relevante Erkrankung in Deutschland, Europa und weltweit. Dabei weist die Prävalenz der CRS deutlich regionale und zum teil auch temporäre Schwankungen auf. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden die in der Literatur verfügbaren Angaben zur Häufigkeit der CRS nach Herkunftsland bzw. –region, Erhebungszeitpunkt sowie der Definition der Erkrankung vorgestellt. Übersichtsartig werden dabei bekannte Risikofaktoren wie Rauchen und gastro-ösophagealer Reflux in ihrem Einfluss auf die Prävalenz der CRS eingeschätzt. Ferner werden Ko-Morbiditäten mit Assoziation zur CRS, wie dem Asthma bronchiale, Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen und einer Depression aufgeführt, und ihre Bedeutung für die Ausbildung einer CRS dargestellt. Neben Angaben zur Häufigkeit der CRS in besonderen Patientengruppen, wie z.B. immunsupprimierten Patienten, runden aktuelle Angaben zur ökonomischen Bedeutung der CRS auch aus Deutschland diese Übersichtsarbeit ab.

Abstract

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a relevant and prevalent medical condition in Germany, Europe and the world. If analysed in detail, the prevalence of CRS shows regional and temporary variety. In this review, currently available data regarding the prevalence of CRS is therefore sorted by country and/or region, time point of data collection and the CRS-definition employed. Risk factors like smoking and gastro-oesophageal reflux are discussed regarding their influence on CRS prevalence. Moreover, co-morbidities of CRS, like asthma, conditions of the cardiovascular system and depression are listed and their influence on CRS is discussed. Furthermore, data on CRS prevalence in special cohorts, like immunocompromised patients, are presented. To estimate the economic burden of CRS, current data e.g. from Germany and the USA are included in this review.

Schlüsselwörter

Epidemiologie - Prävalenz - chronische Rhinosinusitis - Risikofaktoren - Asthmabronchiale - endoskopische Nasennebenhöhlenchirurgie - Ökonomie - Rauchen - Immunsuppression - Berufsrisiko

Key words

epidemiology - prevalence - chronic rhinosinusitis - risk factor - asthma - endoscopic sinus surgery - economy - immunosuppression - smoking - occupational hazard

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