Synthesis 2016; 48(14): 2165-2177
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1561444
short review
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

C–H Bond Formation with Boronic Acids and Derivatives by Transition-Metal-Free Conjugate Addition Reactions

Francisco Sánchez-Sancho
a   Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Moncloa, 28040 Madrid, Spain   Email: csaky@ucm.es
b   Instituto de Química Médica, CSIC, c/ Juan de la Cierva 3, 28806 Madrid, Spain
,
Aurelio G. Csákÿ*
a   Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Moncloa, 28040 Madrid, Spain   Email: csaky@ucm.es
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 23 March 2016

Accepted: 02 April 2016

Publication Date:
19 May 2016 (online)


Abstract

Initially popularized by the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction, boronic acids, boronate esters, and trifluoroborates constitute nowadays essential reagents in C–C bond-forming processes. The classic transformations mediated by these reagents require the use of transition metals as catalysts. However, in recent times new reactions in which aryl, alkenyl, and alkynyl derivatives behave as nucleophiles in the absence of transition-metal catalysis have begun to emerge. The purpose of this review is to highlight the most relevant recent advances in C–C bond making reactions by conjugate addition of these types of boronic acids under transition-metal-free conditions.

1 Introduction

2 Nucleophilicity of Boronic Acid Derivatives

3 Direct Conjugate Addition Reactions

4 Activation with BF3, Cyanuric Fluoride, or TFAA

5 Activation with BINOL Derivatives

6 Activation with Tartaric Acid and Tartaric Acid Derivatives

7 Conclusions