Subscribe to RSS
Please copy the URL and add it into your RSS Feed Reader.
https://www.thieme-connect.de/rss/thieme/en/10.1055-s-00000084.xml
Synthesis 2018; 50(08): 1621-1628
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1591937
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1591937
feature
Synthesis of Fluorinated Acridines via Sequential Micellar Buchwald–Hartwig Amination/Cyclization of Aryl Bromides
The contribution from CNR through the Progetto Premiale 2012 EOS is gratefully acknowledged.Further Information
Publication History
Received: 21 December 2017
Accepted after revision: 26 January 2018
Publication Date:
26 February 2018 (online)

Abstract
Fluorinated unsymmetrical acridines are efficiently prepared by means of a tandem micellar Buchwald–Hartwig amination followed by an acid-promoted cyclization. The overall process is advantageous with respect to previously described protocols both in terms of efficiency and sustainability. The role of the cosolvent in the amination step is highlighted, demonstrating that rather than resorting to highly expensive catalysts, Buchwald–Hartwig aminations can be straightforwardly carried out by tuning the reaction site polarity.
Supporting Information
- Supporting information for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1591937.
- Supporting Information
-
References
- 1 Albert A. The Acridines: Their Preparation, Physical, Chemical and Biological Properties and Use. Edward Arnold & Co; London: 1951
- 2 Martins MA. P. Frizzo CP. Moreira DN. Buriol L. Machado P. Chem. Rev. 2009; 109: 4140
- 3 Nadaraj V. Selvi ST. Mohan S. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2009; 44: 976
- 4 Kalirajan R. Muralidharan V. Jubie S. Gowramma B. Gomathy S. Sankar S. Elango K. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 2012; 49: 748
- 5 Santelli-Rouvier C. Barret J.-M. Farrell CM. Sharples D. Hill BT. Barbe J. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2004; 39: 1029
- 6 Anderson MO. Sherrill J. Madrid PB. Liou AP. Weisman JL. DeRisi JL. Guy RK. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2006; 14: 334
- 7 Ferreira R. Aviñó A. Mazzini S. Eritja R. Molecules 2012; 17: 7067
- 8 High Performance Pigments. Faulkner EB. Schwartz RJ. Wiley-VCH; Weinheim: 2009
- 9 Goel A. Kumar V. Singh SP. Sharma A. Prakash S. Singh C. Anand RS. J. Mater. Chem. 2012; 22: 14880
- 10 Papagni A. Del Buttero P. Moret M. Sassella A. Miozzo L. Ridolfi G. Chem. Mater. 2003; 15: 5010
- 11 Del Buttero P. Gironda R. Moret M. Papagni A. Parravicini M. Rizzato S. Miozzo L. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2011; 2265
- 12 Papagni A. Campiglio P. Campione M. Del Buttero P. Mani A. Miozzo L. Tonelli E. J. Fluorine Chem. 2008; 129: 294
- 13 Graebe C. Caro H. Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1871; 158: 265
- 14 Bernthsen A. Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1878; 192: 1
- 15 Popp FD. J. Org. Chem. 1962; 27: 2658
- 16 Albert A. J. Chem. Soc. 1965; 4653
- 17 Jacquelin C. Saettel N. Hounsou C. Teulade-Fichou M.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 2005; 46: 2589
- 18 Baudoin O. Marchand C. Teulade-Fichou M.-P. Vigneron JP. Sun JS. Garestier T. Hélène C. Lehn J.-M. Chem. Eur. J. 1998; 4: 1504
- 19 Kuninobu Y. Tatsuzaki T. Matsuki T. Takai K. J. Org. Chem. 2011; 76: 7005
- 20 Baum JS. Condon ME. Shook DA. J. Org. Chem. 1987; 52: 2983
- 21 Berliner E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1942; 64: 2894
- 22 Garrison AT. Abouelhassan Y. Kallifidas D. Bai F. Ukhanova M. Mai V. Jin S. Luesch H. Huigens RW. III. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015; 54: 14819
- 23 Wang T.-J. Chen W.-W. Li Y. Xu M.-H. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2015; 13: 6580
- 24 La Sorella G. Strukul G. Scarso A. Green Chem. 2015; 17: 644
- 25 Lipshutz BH. Ghorai S. Aldrichimica Acta 2012; 45: 3
- 26 Dwars T. Paetzold E. Oehme G. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005; 44: 7174
- 27 Mollet H. Grubenmann A. Formulation Technology: Emulsions, Suspensions, Solid Forms. Wiley-VCH; Weinheim: 2001
- 28 Mattiello S. Rooney M. Sanzone A. Brazzo P. Sassi M. Beverina L. Org. Lett. 2017; 19: 654
- 29 Handa S. Wang Y. Gallou F. Lipshutz BH. Science 2015; 349: 1087
- 30 Handa S. Slack ED. Lipshutz BH. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015; 127: 12162
- 31 Lipshutz BH. Abela AR. Org. Lett. 2008; 10: 5329
- 32 Ryu J.-H. Jang C.-J. Yoo Y.-S. Lim S.-G. Lee M. J. Org. Chem. 2005; 70: 8956
- 33 Bhattacharya S. Srivastava A. Sengupta S. Tetrahedron Lett. 2005; 46: 3557
- 34 Lipshutz BH. Ghorai S. Abela AR. Moser R. Nishikata T. Duplais C. Krasovskiy A. Gaston RD. Gadwood RC. J. Org. Chem. 2011; 76: 4379
- 35 Klumphu P. Lipshutz BH. J. Org. Chem. 2014; 79: 888
- 36 Lipshutz BH. J. Org. Chem. 2017; 82: 2806
- 37 Handa S. Andersson MP. Gallou F. Reilly J. Lipshutz BH. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016; 128: 4998
- 38 Lipshutz BH. Ghorai S. Aldrichimica Acta 2008; 41: 59
- 39 Lipshutz BH. Chung DW. Rich B. Org. Lett. 2008; 10: 3793
- 40 Isley NA. Linstadt RT. H. Kelly SM. Gallou F. Lipshutz BH. Org. Lett. 2015; 17: 4734
- 41 Gabriel CM. Lee NR. Bigorne F. Klumphu P. Parmentier M. Gallou F. Lipshutz BH. Org. Lett. 2017; 19: 194
- 42 Rühling A. Galla H.-J. Glorius F. Chem. Eur. J. 2015; 21: 12291
- 43 Minkler SR. K. Isley NA. Lippincott DJ. Krause N. Lipshutz BH. Org. Lett. 2014; 16: 724
- 44 Monopoli A. Cotugno P. Palazzo G. Ditaranto N. Mariano B. Cioffi N. Ciminale F. Nacci A. Adv. Synth. Catal. 2012; 354: 2777
- 45 Brals J. Smith JD. Ibrahim F. Gallou F. Handa S. ACS Catal. 2017; 7: 7245
- 46 Lipshutz BH. Chung DW. Rich B. Adv. Synth. Catal. 2009; 351: 1717
- 47 Wagner P. Bollenbach M. Doebelin C. Bihel F. Bourguignon J.-J. Salomé C. Schmitt M. Green Chem. 2014; 16: 4170
- 48 Salomé C. Wagner P. Bollenbach M. Bihel F. Bourguignon J.-J. Schmitt M. Tetrahedron 2014; 70: 3413
- 49 Vaccaro G. Bianchi A. Mauri M. Bonetti S. Meinardi F. Sanguineti A. Simonutti R. Beverina L. Chem. Commun. 2013; 49: 8474
- 50 Nishikata T. Lipshutz BH. Chem. Commun. 2009; 47: 6472