Gene Transfer in the Treatment of Thrombosis

• References

• 1 Jaffe EA. The role of blood vessels in hemostasis. In: Hematology, 4th edition. Williams WJ, Beutler E, Erslev AJ, Lichtman MA. (eds). McGraw-Hill; New York: 1993. pp. 1322-1337
• 2 Weksler BB, Marcus AJ, Jaffe EA. Synthesis of prostaglandin 1-2 (prostacyclin) by cultured human and bovine endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1977; 74: 3922-3926
• 3 Fair D, Marian R, Levin EG. Human endothelial cells synthesize protein S. Blood 1986; 67: 1168-1171
• 4 Levin EG. Latent tissue plasminogen activator produced by human endothelial cells in culture: evidence for an enzyme-inhibitor complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1983; 80: 6804-6808
• 5 Gimbrone Jr. MA. Vascular endothelium: nature's blood container. In: Vascular Endothelium in Hemostasis and Thrombosis. Gimbrone Jr. MA. (ed). Churchill Livingstone; New York: 1986. pp. 1-13
• 6 Sherry S. Fibrinolysis, Thrombolysis and Hemostasis: Concepts, Perspectives, and Clinical Applications. Lea & Febiger; Malvern, PA: 1992
• 7 Anderson WF. Human gene therapy. Science 1992; 256: 808-813
• 8 Miller DA. Human gene therapy comes of age. Nature 1992; 357: 455
• 9 Fisher R, Waller EK, Grossi G, Thompson D, Tizard R, Schleuning WD. Isolation and characterization of the human tissue-type plasminogen activator structural gene including its 5' flanking region. J Biol Chem 1985; 260: 11223-11230
• 10 Verde P, Stopelli MP, Galeffi P, Di Nocera P, Blasi F. Identification and primary sequence of an unspliced human urokinase poly(A)+ RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1984; 81: 4727-4731
• 11 Lundwall A, Dackowski W, Cohen E, Shaffer M, Mahr A, Dahlback B, Stenflo J, Wydro R. Isolation and sequence of the cDNA for human protein S a regulator of blood coagulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1986; 83: 6716-6720
• 12 Marcus AJ, Weksler BB, Jaffe EA, Broekman MJ. Synthesis of prostacyclin from platelet-derived endoperoxides by cultured human endothelial cells. J Clin Invest 1980; 66: 979-986
• 13 Xu XM, Sanduja SK, Ohashi K, Wang LH, Wu KK. Prostacyclin synthesis in cultured endothelial cells is markedly enhanced by transfer of prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS) gene with a retroviral vector. Circultion (suppl.) 1992; 86: 1-152 (abstr.)
• 14 De Agostini Al, Rosenberg RD. New approaches for defining the molecular basis of anticoagulantly active heparan sulfate production. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1991; 614: 279-288
• 15 Loscalzo J, Braunwald E. Tissue plasminogen activator. N Engl J Med 1988; 319: 925-931
• 16 Bell WR. Streptokinase and urokinase in the treatment of pulmonary thromboemboli: from a National Cooperative Study. Thromb Haemostas 1976; 35: 57-69
• 17 Hergreuter CA, Handren J, Kersh R, May Jr. JW. Human recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and its effect on microvascular thrombosis in the rabbit. Plast Reconstr Surg 1988; 81: 418-424
• 18 TIMI IIIA Investigators : Early effects of tissue-type plasminogen activator added to conventional therapy on the culprit coronary lesion in patients presenting with ischemic cardiac pain at rest. Circulation 1993; 87: 38-52
• 19 Dichek DA, Neville RF, Zwiebel JA, Freeman SM, Leon MB, Anderson WF. Seeding of intravascular stents with genetically engineered endothelial cells. Circulation 1989; 80: 1347-1353
• 20 Dichek DA, Quertermous T. Variability in messenger RNA levels in human umbilical vein endothelial cells of different lineage and time in culture in vitro . Cell Dev Biol 1989; 25: 289-292
• 21 Zwiebel JA, Freeman SM, Kantoff PW, Cornetta K, Ryan US, Anderson WF. High-level recombinant gene expression in rabbit endothelial cells transduced by retroviral vectors. Science 1989; 243: 220-222
• 22 Dichek DA, Nussbaum O, Degen SJF, Anderson WF. Enhancement of the fibrinolytic activity of sheep endothelial cells by retroviral vector-mediated gene transfer. Blood 1991; 77: 533-541
• 23 Van Mourik JA, Lawrence DA, Loskutoff DJ. Purification of an inhibitor of plasminogen activator (antiactivator) synthesized by endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 1984; 259: 14914
• 24 Quax PHA, van den Hoogen M, Verheijen JH, Padro T, Zeheb R, Gelehrter TD, van Berkel TJC, Kuiper J, Emeis JJ. Endotoxin induction of plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 mRNA in rat tissues in vivo . J Biol Chem 1990; 265: 15560-15563
• 25 Sawdey MS, Loskutoff DJ. Regulation of murine type plasminogen activator inhibitor gene expression in vivo: tissue specificity and induction by lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and transforming growth factor-beta. J Clin Invest 1991; 88: 1346-1353
• 26 Keeton M, Eguchi Y, Sawdey M, Ahn C, Loskutoff DJ. Cellular localization of type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor messenger RNA and protein in murine renal tissue. Am J Pathol 1993; 142: 59-70
• 27 Plow EF, Felez J, Miles LA. Cellular regulation of fibrinolysis. Thromb Haemostas 1991; 66: 32-36
• 28 Ellis V, Behrendt N, Dano K. Plasminogen activation by receptor-bound urokinase; a kinetic study with both cell-associated and isolated receptor. J Biol Chem 1991; 266: 12752-12758
• 29 Lee SW, Kahn ML, Dichek DA. Expression of an anchored urokinase in the apical endothelial cell membrane. J Biol Chem 1992; 267: 13020-13027
• 30 Podrazik R, Whitehill TA, Ekhterae D, Williams WD, Messina LM, Stanley JC. High-level expression of recombinant human t-PA in cultivated canine endothelial cells under varying conditions of retroviral gene transfer. Ann Surg 1992; 216: 446-453
• 31 Vassalli JD, Sappino AP, Belin D. The plasminogen activator/plas-min system. J Clin Invest 1991; 88: 1067-1072
• 32 Dano K, Andreasen PA, Grondahl-Hansen J, Kristensen P, Nielsen LS, Skriver L. Plasminogen activators, tissue degradation, and cancer. Adv Cancer Res 1985; 41: 140-265
• 33 Liotta LA, Steeg PS, Stetler-Stevenson WG. Cancer metastasis and angiogenesis: An imbalance of positive and negative regulation. Cell 1991; 64: 327-336
• 34 Pepper MS, Belin D, Montesano R, Orci L, Vassalli JD. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 modulates basic fibroblast growth factor-induced proteolytic and angiogenic properties of endothelial cells in vitro . J Cell Biol 1990; 111: 743-755
• 35 Montesano R, Pepper MS, Belin D, Vassalli JD, Orci L. Induction of angiogenesis in vitro by vanadate, an inhibitor of phosphotyrosine phosphatases. J Cell Physiol 1988; 134: 460-466
• 36 Jaklitsch MT, Biro S, Casscells W, Dichek DA. Transduced endothelial cells expressing high levels of tissue plasminogen activator have an unaltered phenotype in vitro . J Cellul Physiol 1993; 154: 207-216
• 37 Nabel EG, Plautz G, Boyce FM, Stanley JC, Nabel GJ. Recombinant gene expression in vivo within endothelial cells of the arterial wall. Science 1989; 244: 1342-1344
• 38 Wilson JM, Birinyi LK, Salomon RN, Libby P, Callow AD, Mulligan RC. Implantation of vascular grafts lined with genetically modified endothelial cells. Science 1989; 244: 1344-1346
• 39 Birinyi LK, Conte MS, Mulligan RC. Repopulation of injured arteries with genetically modified endothelial cells. J Vase Surg 1992; 15: 932-934
• 40 Eskin SG, Meidell RS, McNatt J, Buja LM, Sturgis LT, Gerard RD, Ferguson JJ, Sambrook JF, Willerson JT. Protective effect of mutant tissue plasminogen activator expressed from endothelial cells seeded on implanted stents. Circulation (suppl.) 1991; 84: 11-399 (abstr.)
• 41 Nabel EG, Plautz G, Nabel GJ. Site-specific gene expression in vivo by direct gene transfer into the arterial wall. Science 1990; 249: 1285-1288
• 42 Lim CS, Chapman GD, Gammon RS, Muhlstein JB, Bauman RP, Stack RS, Swain JL. in vivo gene transfer into canine coronary and peripheral arteries. Circulation 1991; 83: 2007-2011
• 43 Flugelman MY, Jaklitsch MT, Newman KD, Casscells W, Bratthauer GL, Dichek DA. Low level in vivo gene transfer into the arterial wall through a perforated balloon catheter. Circulation 1992; 85: 1110-1117
• 44 Chapman GD, Lim CS, Gammon RS, Gulp SC, Desper JS, Bauman RP, Swain JL, Stack RS. Gene transfer into coronary arteries of intact animals with a percutaneous balloon catheter. Circ Res 1992; 71: 27-33
• 45 Leclerc G, Gal D, Takeshita S, Nikol S, Weir L, Isner JM. Percutaneous arterial gene transfer in a rabbit model. J Clin Invest 1992; 90: 936-944
• 46 Willard JE, Jessen ME, Gerard RD, Meidell RS. Recombinant adenovirus is an efficient vector for in vivo gene transfer and can be preferentially directed at vascular endothelium or smooth muscle cells. Circulation (suppl.) 1992; 86: I-473 (abstr.)
• 47 Morishita R, Gibbons G, Zhang L, Kaneda Y, Ogihara T, Dzau V. in vivo gene transfer into intact blood vessels: a novel and efficient method. Circulation (suppl.) 1992; 86: I-227 (abstr.)