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DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1709998
Perylene Bisimide Cyclophanes: Structure–Property Relationships upon Variation of the Cavity Size
The authors are grateful for financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) within the research training school GRK 2112 on “Molecular Biradicals” at the University of Würzburg.
Publication History
Received: 28 March 2020
Accepted after revision: 06 April 2020
Publication Date:
18 May 2020 (online)
Abstract
Five cyclophanes composed of two perylene bisimide (PBI) dyes and various CH2–arylene–CH2 linker units were synthesized. PM6-D3H4 geometry-optimized structures and a single crystal for one of these cyclophanes reveal well-defined distances between the two coplanar PBI units in these cyclophanes, spanning the range from 5.0 to 12.5 Å. UV/vis absorption spectra reveal a redistribution of oscillator strength of the vibronic bands due to a H-type exciton coupling even for the cyclophane with the largest interchromophoric distance. A quantitative evaluation according to the Kasha–Spano theory affords exciton coupling strengths ranging from 64 cm−1 for the largest cyclophane up to 333 cm−1 for the smallest one and a surprisingly good fit to the cubic interchromophoric distance in the framework of the point-dipole approximation. Interchromophoric interaction is also noticed in fluorescence lifetimes that are significantly increased for all five cyclophanes as expected for H-coupled chromophores due to a decrease of the radiative rate. For the three largest cyclophanes with interchromophoric distances of >9 Å, fluorescence quantum yields remain high in chloroform (>88%), whilst for the smaller ones with interchromophoric distances <6 Å, additional nonradiative pathways lead to a pronounced fluorescence quenching.
Supporting Information
Supporting information for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1709998.
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