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Int J Sports Med 2018; 39(02): 148-153
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-120762
Genetics & Molecular Biology
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Effects of the ACTN3 R577X Genotype on the Muscular Strength and Range of Motion Before and After Eccentric Contractions of the Elbow Flexors

Naoki Kikuchi   *
1   Department of Training Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan
,
Yosuke Tsuchiya   *
2   Faculty of Modern life, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan
,
Koichi Nakazato
3   Exercise Physiology, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan
,
Naokata Ishii
4   Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
,
Eisuke Ochi
5   Faculty of Bioscience and Applied Chemistry, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History



accepted 25 September 2017

Publication Date:
17 November 2017 (online)

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Abstract

The purpose of present study was to examine the association between ACTN3 R577X genotype and functional characteristics of elbow flexors before and after isokinetic eccentric contractions (ECCs). Fifty-two men (age: 20.8±3.8 years, height: 172.5±5.9 cm, body mass: 64.7±6.5 kg, BMI: 21.7±1.7) who had not participated in any regular resistance training for at least 1 year prior to this study were recruited. ECCs consisted of five sets of six maximal voluntary isokinetic (30°/s) ECCs of the elbow flexors with a range of motion (ROM) from 90° flexion to 0° (full extension). Measurements of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) torque, ROM, and muscle soreness were taken before, immediately after, and 1, 2, 3, and 5 days after ECCs. Genotyping results were analyzed for identifying ACTN3 R577X polymorphism (rs1815739) using TaqMan approach. The genotype frequencies of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism were RR 26.9% (n=14), RX 50.0% (n=26), and XX 23.1% (n=12). There were no significant differences in MVC torque, ROM, and soreness between three genotype groups of ACTN3 R577X. However, MVC at baseline was greater in RR homozygotes than in X-allele carriers (combined XX and RX; p<0.05). ROM in RR homozygotes at baseline was lower than that of X-allele carriers. Although a significant decrease in ROM was observed in X-allele carriers until 3 days after ECCs, a significant ROM reduction in RR homozygotes was observed only immediately after ECCs. Our data indicated that ACTN3 RR genotype has higher MVC and lower flexibility than X-allele carriers at baseline, but the effect of ACTN3 R577X genotype on these two parameters is limited after ECCs.

Key words

single-nucleotide polymorphism - genetics - α-actinins - muscle damage - lengthening - delayed onset muscle soreness

* Authors contributed equally


 

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