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Synthesis 1975; 1975(6): 358-375
DOI: 10.1055/s-1975-23756
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The Willgerodt Reaction

Ellis V. BROWN*
  • *University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, U.S.A.
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Publication History

Publication Date:
12 September 2002 (online)

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The Willgerodt reaction is discussed from a synthetic standpoint including types of compounds for starting material and conditions of operation. The Kindler modification and its usefulness is also indicated. The behavior of heterocyclic compounds in the reaction is mentioned followed by a number of interesting special compounds prepared. The results obtained by applying the reaction conditions to cyclic ketones are covered and, finally, work on the reaction mechanism to date is discussed. 1. Introduction 2. Kindler Modification 3. Reaction of Heterocyclic Compounds 4. Special Syntheses 5. Results with Cyclic Ketones 6. The Overall Mechanism 7. The Detailed Mechanism