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Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2000; 68(7): 289-300
DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-11540
ÜBERSICHT
Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Die Untersuchung zentralnervöser Informationsverarbeitung mit transkranieller Magnetstimulation

U. Herwig, C. Schönfeldt-Lecuona
  • Abt. Psychiatrie III, Universitätsklinik Ulm (Direktor: Prof. Dr. Dr. Manfred Spitzer)
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Publication History

Publication Date:
31 December 2000 (online)

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Zusammenfassung:

In der kognitiven Neurowissenschaft werden verschiedene Methoden zur Untersuchung zentralnervöser Informationsverarbeitungsprozesse angewendet. Die transkranielle Magnetstimulation (TMS) bereichert das methodische Spektrum als ein nichtinvasives, gut verträgliches Verfahren, mit dem gezielt die Hirnrindenaktivität in sehr guter zeitlicher und zufriedenstellender räumlicher Auflösung moduliert werden kann. In den letzten 10 Jahren hat sich die Anwendung der TMS von dem mittlerweile routinemäßigen Einsatz in der neurologischen Diagnostik auf die Untersuchung verschiedener kognitiver Funktionen ausgedehnt. In diesem Übersichtsartikel werden zunächst die physikalischen und technischen Aspekte der TMS und anschließend Untersuchungen am Motorkortex mit den Effekten von Einzelpuls- gegenüber repetitiver TMS vorgestellt. Studien zur visuellen Wahrnehmung und zur Aufmerksamkeit bilden einen weiteren Schwerpunkt. Zudem werden Arbeiten zu höheren kognitiven Leistungen wie Sprache, Gedächtnis und Emotionen besprochen.

The Study of Central Nervous Information Processing with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation:

In cognitive neuroscience different methods are used to study central nervous information processing. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive, well tolerated technique to interfere with cortical neuronal activity with high temporal and fair spatial resolution. In the past 10 years the use of TMS expanded from its application as a diagnostic routine procedure in neurology to the study of various cognitive functions. In this paper the physical and technical aspects of TMS and studies on the effects of single pulse versus repetitive TMS in the motor cortex are reviewed. Then, research on visual perception and attention is presented and studies on higher cognitive functions, such as speech, memory, and emotions are discussed.

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Dr. med U Herwig

Abt. Psychiatrie IIIUniversitätsklinik

Leimgrubenweg 1289070 Ulm

Email: E-mail: uwe.herwig@medizin.uni-ulm.de