Gastrointestinale und hepatobiliäre Komplikationen in der Schwangerschaft*

Zusammenfassung

Im Verlauf einer Gravidität klagen viele schwangere Frauen über gastrointestinale Symptome, die zumeist im Kontext der anatomischen und hormonellen Veränderungen zu interpretieren sind. Häufig sind diese Beschwerden lediglich von vorübergehender Natur und bedürfen keiner ärztlichen Konsultation bzw. Therapie. Darüber hinaus können sich jedoch unter den veränderten Bedingungen schwangerschaftsspezifische Erkrankungen aus den Organbereichen Magen-Darm-Trakt, Leber oder Pankreas erstmals manifestieren sowie vorbestehende gastroenterologische Erkrankungen einen modifizierten klinischen Verlauf nehmen. Für die Normalpopulation allgemein akzeptierte Diagnostik- und Therapiestandards gastrointestinaler Erkrankungen erfordern während der Schwangerschaft vielmals eine kritische klinische Abwägung. Die folgende Übersicht hat das Ziel, sich mit dem Spektrum gastrointestinaler und hepatologischer Krankheiten bei Schwangeren kritisch auseinanderzusetzen sowie aktuelle diagnostische und therapeutische Strategien aufzuzeigen.

Abstract

Many pregnant women have gastrointestinal symptoms, most of which are due to anatomical and hormonal changes associated with pregnancy. While many gastrointestinal complaints are self-limited and do not require further investigation, there are also specific pregnancy-associated and preexisting conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and pancreas. Diagnostic and therapeutic measures established in a nonpregnant population have to be assessed for their relevance in pregnant patients. This review covers diagnostic findings and the clinical course and treatment of the spectrum of gastrointestinal and hepatologic conditions in pregnant women.

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