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Synthesis 2002(8): 1110-1114
DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-31970
DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-31970
PAPER
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
A Practical Indium Tribromide Catalysed Addition of Indoles to Nitroalkenes in Aqueous Media
Further Information
Received
27 March 2002
Publication Date:
03 June 2002 (online)
Publication History
Publication Date:
03 June 2002 (online)
Abstract
The 1,4-conjugate addition of indoles to nitroalkenes was efficiently carried out in aqueous media using a catalytic amount of indium tribromide (5 mol%). The reusability of the indium tribromide was tested by performing consecutive cycles with the same catalyst.
Key words
alkaloids - catalysis - indium - indoles - Michael additions
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Bandini M.Cozzi PG.Giacomini M.Melchiorre P.Selva S.Umani-Ronchi A. J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67: in press - 8 Recently, Yadav et. al. reported that InCl3 (10 mol%) was also able to promote the conjugate addition of indole 5b to 6a in 78% yield using CH2Cl2 as the solvent. However, only one example of conjugate addition to nitroalkenes was described, see:
Yadav JS.Abraham S.Reddy BVS.Sabitha G. Synthesis 2001, 2165. Under our conditions, InCl3 was found less effective in comparison to InBr3 in the addition of 5a to 6a, 82% yield
References
Other common Lewis acids were found to be less effective in term of chemical yields and reaction times (i.e. AlCl3, 68% yield, 24 h).