Zusammenfassung
Alle medizinisch-therapeutischen Berufsgruppen, wie z. B. Physiotherapeuten, Ergotherapeuten, Ärzte etc. sind laut Sozialgesetzbuch V (SGB V) zur Sicherung und Weiterentwicklung der Qualität ihrer Leistungen verpflichtet und haben den expliziten Auftrag, die Qualitätssicherung in ihrem jeweiligen Bereich zu implementieren. Dies erfordert eine möglichst exakte, dabei jedoch noch praktikable Erfassung der funktionalen Gesundheit1 von Patienten. Typische Schwierigkeiten bei der Dokumentation qualitativ und quantitativ verwertbarer Aussagen im Bereich der Rehabilitation sind: hoher Zeitaufwand, Unsicherheiten im Umgang mit standardisierten Assessments und mangelnde Leitlinien bezüglich der Auswahl geeigneter Assessmentinstrumente. Es wird eine Patientin mit Periarthropathie im Bereich des rechten Kniegelenkes bei posttraumatischer Kniegelenkarthrose als Fallbeispiel beschrieben. Die Patientenperspektive und die Perspektive der einzelnen Berufsgruppen wird anhand der ICF (Internationale Klassifikation der Funktionsfähigkeit, Behinderung und Gesundheit) nach WHO dargestellt. Mit der Anerkennung der neuen ICF existiert ein weltweit, akzeptiertes Konzept zur Beschreibung der funktionalen Gesundheit von Patienten mit z. B. Arthrose, wie sie im klinischen Alltag und mithilfe des ICF-Modellblatts angewendet wird. Dieses Beispiel soll ein ICF-basiertes Assessment veranschaulichen, wie es in den für 2007 geplanten „Leitlinien für die Qualitätssicherung in der Physiotherapie und Ergotherapie” erwartet wird.
1 Die funktionale Gesundheit ist gemäß einer Definition der WHO zu verstehen als Konsequenz einer Interaktion der Komponenten Körperstrukturen, Körperfunktionen, Aktivität und Partizipation unter Berücksichtigung von Kontextfaktoren, die in personbezogene und Umweltfaktoren differenziert werden [1 ].
Abstract
Health professionals, like physiotherapists and occupational therapists as well as physicians are encouraged to participate in quality management programs based on the Sozialgesetzbuch V (SGB V). All of them should implement quality control programs within their area of responsibility. Thus the assessment of functional health1 of patients should be designed as practically and precisely as possible. The most common obstacles for practicability in terms of the documentation of data in rehabilitation are: time cost, unfamiliarity with standardized assessments and lack of guidelines for the meaningful selection of measures. A case of a patient with posttraumatic osteoarthritis of the knee associated with periarthropathy is presented. To reflect the patient's perspective as well as the perspective of health professionals we applied WHO's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). With the approval of the new ICF, one can now rely on a globally accepted reference framework for the description of functional health of patients with osteoarthritis in clinical practice using the ICF model sheet. The use of ICF-based assessments in clinical practice will be shown in our case, as it might possibly be carried out according to the „Guidelines for quality management in physiotherapy and occupational therapy” that will be published in 2007.
1 Functional health according to WHO's definition is the interaction of the components body structures, body functions, activity and participation as well as contextual factors which include both personal and environmental factors [1 ].
Schlüsselwörter
ICF - Physiotherapie - Ergotherapie - Assessment
Key words
ICF - physiotherapy - occupational therapy - assessment
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Prof. Dr. med. Gerold Stucki
Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München · Klinik und Poliklinik für Physikalische Medizin und Rehabilitation
Marchioninistraße 15
81377 München
Telefon: + 49/89/7095-4051
Fax: + 49/89/7095-7073
eMail: Gerold.Stucki@med.uni-muenchen.de
Prof. Dr. med. Peter Kröling
Institut für Gesundheits- und Rehabilitationsforschung der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Marchioninistraße 17
81377 München
Telefon: + 49/89/2180-78219
Fax: + 49/89/2180-78430
eMail: kroeling@med.uni-muenchen.de