Zusammenfassung
Die erfolgreiche Behandlung vaskulärer Fehlbildungen ist gebunden an eine fundierte Kenntnis zum biologischen Verhalten vaskulärer Läsionen und deren korrekten Klassifikation. Mulliken und Glowacki entwickelten auf der Grundlage des klinischen Verlaufs eine biologische Klassifikation, die als offizielle Klassifikation der ISSVA (International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies) akzeptiert wurde. Basierend auf einer umfassenden Literaturrecherche wird ein Überblick zu den verschiedenen, international anerkannten Behandlungskonzepten gegeben. Auch wenn ein rein auf Abwarten ausgelegtes Konzept bei unkomplizierten Hämangiomen im Säuglingsalter vielfach empfohlen werden kann, fordert das rasch proliferative Wachstum solcher Läsionen eine adäquate Therapie. Demgegenüber erfordern vaskuläre Malformationen, die normalerweise lebenslang persistieren, meist eine Behandlung, insbesondere dann, wenn klinische Symptome auftreten. Aufgrund individueller Parameter wie Durchmesser, Lage oder Wachstumsverhalten können verschiedene Therapiemaßnahmen wie zum Beispiel Kryotherapie, Kortikosteroidtherapie, Lasertherapie, Sklerotherapie, operative Maßnahmen und/oder Embolisation erfolgreich durchgeführt werden. Keines dieser Behandlungskonzepte stellt jedoch die einzige Behandlungsmethode der Wahl dar.
Abstract
The successful treatment of vascular anomalies depends on profound knowledge of the biologic behavior of vascular lesions and their correct classification. On the base of the clinical course Mulliken and Glowacki developed a biologic classification that was accepted as official classification by the ISSVA (International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies). Based on an extended literature research, this manuscript will give an overview of different internationally accepted treatment concepts. Even if a wait-and-see strategy can be recommended in many cases of uneventful hemangiomas in infants the proliferative growth of such lesions requires an adequate treatment indication. Vascular malformations that persist lifelong require treatment in the majority of the cases, especially when clinical symptoms occur. Based on individual parameters such as the diameter, location or growth behavior, different therapeutic options as cryotherapy, corticosteroids, laser therapy, sclerotherapy, surgical intervention and/or embolisation can be performed successfully. None of those treatment concepts, however, represents the only treatment method of choice.
Schlüsselwörter
Hämangiome - vaskuläre Malformationen - Klassifikation - Diagnostik - Therapie
Key words
hemangiomas - vascular malformations - classification - diagnostics - therapy
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Prof. Dr. Jochen A. Werner
Klinik für Hals-Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde
Philipps-Universität Marburg Deutschhausstraße 3 35037 Marburg
eMail: wernerj@med.uni-marburg.de
URL: http://www.hno-marburg.de