Invalidisierung durch affektive Erkrankungen - Lehren aus den Daten der Gesundheitsberichterstattung des Bundes

Zusammenfassung

Der Anteil psychischer Erkrankungen in den Verfahren zur Berentung aufgrund verminderter Erwerbsfähigkeit ist seit Jahren steigend. Modernere Behandlungsmaßnahmen scheinen diesen Trend nicht zu beeinflussen. Es gibt relativ umfangreiches wissenschaftliches Material über Risikofaktoren für die Entstehung einer Depression. Wenig Informationen existieren allerdings darüber, welche depressiv erkrankten Menschen so schwer und chronisch erkranken, dass eine Invalidität eintritt und ob diese gemeinsame Eigenschaften aufweisen, deren Kenntnis einen Ansatz zu einer gezielteren und damit potenziell besseren Behandlung ergibt.

Abstract

Objective To bring the data from the Federal German Health report about work disability and pensioning into context with current knowledge about the course and etiology of depression. Methods The report data about first-time recipients of a disability pension were analysed by year, illness and gender. Resulting data were interpreted and were compared with international publications. Results The percentage of applications for disability pensions due to psychiatric illnesses have been rising steadily for two decades. Among these, depression (31 %) and neurotic disorders (23 %) are most frequently responsible, while most other causes of disability have been declining. Current treatment of depressive disorders does not seem to have had any effect in terms of reducing the number of disabled persons per year. Conclusions Although the risk factors associated with developing a depressive disorder have been extensively studied, data explaining the progression into disability is scarce but essential. More research in the psychodynamics of depression and work participation might be helpful.

Schlüsselwörter

affektive Erkrankungen - Invalidität - Berentung

Key words

affective disorders - occupational disability - pensioning

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