Physiologic Responses to Treadmill Running in Adult and Prepubertal Males

Abstract

Little data are available directly comparing physiologic responses to endurance exercise in children and adults. To evaluate age related differences during maximal and sub-maximal treadmill exercise, physiologic parameters recorded during testing of 20 active prepubertal boys (aged 9-13 years) were compared with values obtained in nonathletic adult males aged 23-33 years. Maximum oxygen consumption (VO₂max) was 57.9 ml · kg^-1 · min^-1 (6.9 SD) in the boys and 48.3 ml · kg^-1 · min^-1 (4.9 SD) in the adults. Running economy examined both as VO₂ at a treadmill speed of 9.6 kph and as the slope of linear regression of VO₂ at four submaximal speeds was less in boys compared to men when values were expressed per kg body mass. Differences in running economy between the two groups disappeared, however, when related to body surface area. As expected, children had a higher stride frequency at a given treadmill speed, but running stride frequency was unrelated to economy with the two groups. Lower respiratory exchange ratios were observed at maximal and submaximal exercise in the children, which may reflect diminished anaerobic capacity or differences in substrate utilization. These results substantiate the high aerobic capacity previously observed in children and suggest that lower running economy in younger subjects may largely relate to a greater body surface are/mass ratio.

Key words

endurance exercise - children adults running economy