1.1.2 Types of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes

Abstract

This chapter discusses the different types of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and is organized according to ring size. The terminology for describing NHCs as normal or abnormal (mesoionic) and remote or nonremote is outlined. The pertinent properties of these different NHCs are compiled, in particular the ¹³C NMR spectroscopic and crystallographic parameters, as well as steric and electronic effects, which provides insights into the donor properties of the various classes of NHCs.

Key words

N-heterocyclic carbenes - normal carbenes - abnormal carbenes - mesoionic - remote carbenes - nonremote carbenes - imidazolylidenes - triazolylidenes - pyrazolylidenes - cyclic alkyl(amino)carbenes - pyrimidylidenes - pyridylidenes

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