2 Photocatalysis: The Principles

F. Gaida; A. G. Griesbeck; M. Vollmer

Abstract

Understanding photocatalysis requires knowledge of the primary and secondary photophysical and photochemical processes: light absorption and emission, radiationless decay, energy and electron transfer, and hydrogen and group transfer. Photocatalysis is largely dictated by energy and spin restrictions that allow fast transfer of energy, electrons, or atoms. The kinetics of photoredox-initiated catalysis can be estimated from the redox properties of the electronic ground states as well as the excitation energies and spin properties of the excited states involved. These principles are demonstrated using three model processes: photochemical decarboxylation, fluorination/fluoroalkylation, and (molecular) oxygen-transfer processes.

Schlüsselwörter

photocatalysis - photochemistry - photolysis - homogeneous catalysis - heterogeneous catalysis - asymmetric catalysis - transition-metal catalysis - ruthenium catalysts - iridium catalysts

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