Nutrigenetik in Theorie und Praxis

Nutrigenetik befasst sich mit den Effekten von Genvariationen auf den Stoffwechsel von Nährstoffen. Diese Genvariationen, sog. Einzelnukleotid-Polymorphismen (SNP), sind Variationen einzelner Basenpaare innerhalb eines DNA-Abschnitts. Durch die SNP kann sich die Funktion eines Gens verändern und somit den Nährstoffstoffwechsel beeinflussen. Ob eine Veränderung der Ernährung aufgrund von SNP von Nutzen ist und wie die Zusammenhänge von Ernährung, SNP und Krankheitsrisikos sind, wurden jedoch größtenteils noch nicht ausreichend erforscht.

Abstract

Nutrigenetics deals with the effects of gene variation on the metabolism of nutrients. These gene variations, called single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), are variations of single base pairs within a DNA segment that occur with a prevalence of at least 1 % in the population. SNP can alter the function of a gene and thus influence the metabolism of nutrients.

Whether a change in nutrition due to SNP is useful has not been sufficiently researched to justify a commercialization of nutrigenetics. In addition, genetic analyzes in humans are always linked to ethical aspects, which also include the right not to know of certain SNP. At this time point, gene-based recommendations may carry more risks than user benefits.

Schlüsselwörter

Nutrigenetik - personalisierte Ernährung - SNP - FADS1 - Sequenzierung - Genotyp

Keywords

nutrigenetic - personalized nutrition - SNP - FADS1 - Sequencing - genotype

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