Kardiopulmonale Reanimation im Weltall

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Aufgrund der guten medizinischen Selektion, der guten körperlichen Konstitution und der engmaschigen, intensiven Betreuung sind relevante medizinische Probleme bei Astronauten im Weltall vergleichsweise selten. Bisher sind 5 relevante Methoden zur Durchführung von Thoraxkompressionen im Rahmen einer kardiopulmonalen Reanimation (CPR) in Schwerelosigkeit entwickelt worden. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Darstellung dieser 5 Techniken sowie das Aufzeigen von möglichen Problemen in Zusammenhang mit einer CPR im Weltall in Zukunft. Bisher liegen keine praktischen Erfahrungen zu einer Reanimation im Weltall vor. Alle bisher publizierten Studien wurden entweder im Parabelflug oder unter simulierten Bedingungen (z.B. Unterwasser oder in einem Aufhängeapparat) auf der Erde durchgeführt. Zukünftig sind, gerade für längere Raumflüge, weitere Analysen und detailliertere Vorgaben notwendig.

ABSTRACT

Due to carefully selected and healthy astronauts, relevant medical problems in space are rare. Till now, 5 different techniques to perform CPR in microgravity were described. The aim of this paper is to analyse different techniques for CPR during microgravity and provide a review of challenges to perform CPR in space. Yet there was no CPR performed under real-space conditions. However, there are 5 relevant techniques which were tested during parabolic flights and simulated microgravity on earth. Especially for long distance space flights further analysis and more detailed specifications are necessary.

Key words

space medicine - CPR - cardiopulmonary resuscitation - emergency medicine - space-related problems

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