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Drug Res (Stuttg) 2019; 69(04): 201-206
DOI: 10.1055/a-0662-5607
Original Article
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Antidiabetic Potentials of Citrus aurantifolia Leaf Essential Oil

Fatima Alaba Ibrahim
1   Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
,
Lamidi Ajao Usman
2   Department of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
,
Jubril Olayinka Akolade
3   Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre, Sheda Science and Technology Complex, Abuja, Nigeria
,
Oluwafemi Ayodeji Idowu
1   Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
,
Azeemat Titilola Abdulazeez
4   Department of Biological Science, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
,
Aliyu Olalekan Amuzat
5   Department of Biochemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 21 December 2017

accepted 28 June 2018

Publication Date:
01 October 2018 (online)

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Abstract

Citrus aurantifolia leaf essential oil was extracted via hydrodistillation, chemical composition of the oil was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and its antidiabetic potentials was assessed in alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic rats using metformin as the reference drug for comparison. Chemical analysis showed that D-limonene (57.84%) was the major constituent of the oil. Other notable compounds identified were neral (7.81%), linalool (4.75%), sulcatone (3.48%) and isogeraniol (3.48%). Intraperitoneal administration of C. aurantifolia oil (100 mg/Kg b.wt.) to hyperglycaemic rats for 14 days caused significant reduction in fasting blood and hepatic glucose, whereas hepatic concentration of glycogen was significantly increased. Also, improvement in dyslipidaemia was observed in C. aurantifolia essential oil-treated hyperglycaemic rats; serum concentration of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol were significantly reduced and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol was increased, resulting in decreased predisposition of rats to cardiac risks. Antihyperglycaemic potential of administration of the oil was lower but compared favourably with the oral antihyperglycaemic agent used as reference antidiabetic drug. Overall, data from this study showed that essential oil from the leaf of C. aurantifolia grown in North-Central Nigeria is a D-limonene chemotype. The oil showed considerable glucose lowering effect as well as the potential to ameliorate hyperglycaemia-induced dyslipidaemic complications in alloxanized rats.

Key words

Antidiabetic drugs - Diabetes - Dyslipidaemia - Hyperglycaemia - Lipid lowering drugs

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