PDF herunterladen
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Ultrasound Int Open 2019; 05(01): E27-E33
DOI: 10.1055/a-0783-2170
Original Article
Eigentümer und Copyright ©Georg Thieme Verlag KG 2019

Gastric Emptying of Low- and High-Caloric Liquid Meals Measured Using Ultrasonography in Healthy Volunteers

Tarek Mazzawi
1   Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
2   Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
,
Emily Bartsch
2   Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
,
Sara Benammi
2   Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
,
Rosa Maria Carrasco Ferro
2   Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
,
Ekaterina Nikitina
2   Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
,
Nancy Nimer
2   Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
,
Lara Jiménez Ortega
2   Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
,
Charles Perrotte
2   Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
,
Joäo Vitor Pithon
2   Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
,
Safira Rosalina
2   Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
,
Alexis Sharp
2   Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
,
Reza Stevano
2   Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
,
Jan Gunnar Hatlebakk
1   Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
2   Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
,
Trygve Hausken
1   Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
2   Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
› Institutsangaben
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

received 08. Mai 2018
revised 23. September 2018

accepted 27. Oktober 2018

Publikationsdatum:
07. Januar 2019 (online)

Auch verfügbar auf
   Lizenzen und Reprints

Abstract

Purpose

Delayed gastric emptying is present in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD), diabetes mellitus, and neurological diseases. Diet may affect gastric emptying symptoms in patients with FD. We sought to determine the extent to which gastric emptying and symptoms of dyspepsia are influenced by caloric content in healthy subjects using ultrasonography.

Materials and Methods

32 healthy volunteers were given 2 meals with different caloric content in random order. Gastric emptying was determined using ultrasonography to measure antral area when fasting, and postprandially at intervals of 0, 10, 20, and 30 min. Dyspeptic symptoms including discomfort, nausea, and fullness were graded.

Results

The antral area following a high-caloric meal compared to a low-caloric meal was significantly increased at 0, 10, 20, and 30 min (P=0.0203,<0.0001<0.0001,<0.0001, respectively), as was the median fullness (P<0.0048, 0.0001, 0.0009, 0.0001, respectively) measured at the same time points. There was a weak correlation (r2=0.1, P<0.0001) between the antral area and subjective fullness. No differences between gastric emptying in males and females were found.

Conclusion

The caloric content of a meal influences gastric emptying. Using ultrasonography to measure the antral area helps us to assess gastric emptying and therefore to assess patients with functional dyspepsia.

Key words

antral area - caloric meal - functional dyspepsia - gastric emptying - ultrasonography
 

  • References

  • 1 Tack J, Talley NJ, Camilleri M. et al. Functional gastroduodenal disorders. Gastroenterology 2006; 130: 1466-1479
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Lacy BE. Functional dyspepsia and gastroparesis: one disease or two?. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 2012; 107: 1615-1620
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Tack J, Talley NJ. Functional dyspepsia--symptoms, definitions and validity of the Rome III criteria. Nature reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2013; 10: 134-141
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Camilleri M, Dubois D, Coulie B. et al. Prevalence and socioeconomic impact of upper gastrointestinal disorders in the United States: Results of the US Upper Gastrointestinal Study. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : The Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association 2005; 3: 543-552
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Asano T, Aida S, Suemasu S. et al. Aldioxa improves delayed gastric emptying and impaired gastric compliance, pathophysiologic mechanisms of functional dyspepsia. Scientific Reports 2015; 5: 17519
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Timmons S, Liston R, Moriarty KJ. Functional dyspepsia: Motor abnormalities, sensory dysfunction, and therapeutic options. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 2004; 99: 739-749
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Clegg M, Shafat A. Energy and macronutrient composition of breakfast affect gastric emptying of lunch and subsequent food intake, satiety and satiation. Appetite 2010; 54: 517-523
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Horowitz M, Wishart JM, Jones KL, Hebbard GS. Gastric emptying in diabetes: An overview. Diabetic Medicine : A Journal of the British Diabetic Association 1996; 13: S16-S22
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Steinsvik EK, Hausken T, Gilja OH. The ultrasound meal accommodation test in 509 patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 2016; 51: 788-794
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Stevens JE, Gilja OH, Gentilcore D. et al. Measurement of gastric emptying of a high-nutrient liquid by 3D ultrasonography in diabetic gastroparesis. Neurogastroenterology and motility : The Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society 2011; 23: 220-225 e113-224
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Abell TL, Camilleri M, Donohoe K. et al. Consensus recommendations for gastric emptying scintigraphy: a joint report of the American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society and the Society of Nuclear Medicine. Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology 2008; 36: 44-54
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Ghoos YF, Maes BD, Geypens BJ. et al. Measurement of gastric emptying rate of solids by means of a carbon-labeled octanoic acid breath test. Gastroenterology 1993; 104: 1640-1647
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Schwizer W, Maecke H, Fried M. Measurement of gastric emptying by magnetic resonance imaging in humans. Gastroenterology 1992; 103: 369-376
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Gilja OH, Hausken T, degaard S, Berstad A. Gastric emptying measured by ultrasonography. World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG 1999; 5: 93-94
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Willems M, Quartero AO, Numans ME. How useful is paracetamol absorption as a marker of gastric emptying? A systematic literature study. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 2001; 46: 2256-2262
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Bolondi L, Bortolotti M, Santi V. et al. Measurement of gastric emptying time by real-time ultrasonography. Gastroenterology 1985; 89: 752-759
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Perlas A, Chan VW, Lupu CM, Mitsakakis N, Hanbidge A. Ultrasound assessment of gastric content and volume. Anesthesiology 2009; 111: 82-89
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Elbl B, Birkenfeld B, Walecka A. et al. Upper gastrointestinal tract scintigraphy and ultrasonography in diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux in children. Polish Journal of Radiology 2011; 76: 63-67
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Mishima Y, Amano Y, Takahashi Y. et al. Gastric emptying of liquid and solid meals at various temperatures: effect of meal temperature for gastric emptying. J Gastroenterol 2009; 44: 412-418
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 2016. SEL. Create a blocked randomisation list, 2016. Online] Available from https://www.sealedenvelope.com/simple-randomiser/v1/lists [Accessed 26 June 2016]
    PubMed
  • 21 Valeur J, Berstad A, Hausken T. The effect of body position on postprandial perceptions, gastric emptying, and intragastric meal distribution: an ultrasonographic study in reclining healthy subjects. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 2015; 50: 170-173
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Quigley EM. Gastric and small intestinal motility in health and disease. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 1996; 25: 113-145
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Velchik MG, Reynolds JC, Alavi A. The effect of meal energy content on gastric emptying. Journal of nuclear medicine : Official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine 1989; 30: 1106-1110
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Calbet JA, MacLean DA. Role of caloric content on gastric emptying in humans. The Journal of Physiology 1997; 498 Pt 2 553-559
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Peracchi M, Gebbia C, Ogliari C. et al. Influence of caloric intake on gastric emptying of solids assessed by 13C-octanoic acid breath test. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 2000; 35: 814-818
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Caldarella MP, Azpiroz F, Malagelada JR. Antro-fundic dysfunctions in functional dyspepsia. Gastroenterology 2003; 124: 1220-1229
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Ahima RS, Antwi DA. Brain regulation of appetite and satiety. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 2008; 37: 811-823
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Gill RC, Murphy PD, Hooper HR, Bowes KL, Kingma YJ. Effect of the menstrual cycle on gastric emptying. Digestion 1987; 36: 168-174
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Horowitz M, Maddern GJ, Chatterton BE. et al. The normal menstrual cycle has no effect on gastric emptying. British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology 1985; 92: 743-746
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Hausken T, Berstad A. Wide gastric antrum in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia. Effect of cisapride. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 1992; 27: 427-432
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Muresan C, Surdea Blaga T, Muresan L, Dumitrascu DL. Abdominal Ultrasound for the Evaluation of Gastric Emptying Revisited. Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases : JGLD 2015; 24: 329-338
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Darwiche G, Almer LO, Bjorgell O, Cederholm C, Nilsson P. Measurement of gastric emptying by standardized real-time ultrasonography in healthy subjects and diabetic patients. Journal of ultrasound in medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 1999; 18: 673-682
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Odegaard S, Nesje LB, Hausken T, Gilja OH. Ultrasonography in gastroenterology. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 2015; 50: 698-707
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Gilja OH, Lunding J, Hausken T, Gregersen H. Gastric accommodation assessed by ultrasonography. World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG 2006; 12: 2825-2829
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Gentilcore D, Hausken T, Horowitz M, Jones KL. Measurements of gastric emptying of low- and high-nutrient liquids using 3D ultrasonography and scintigraphy in healthy subjects. Neurogastroenterology and motility : The Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society 2006; 18: 1062-1068
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar