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Nervenheilkunde 2019; 38(03): 97-102
DOI: 10.1055/a-0817-2588
Schwerpunkt
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Schlafstörungen bei Multipler Sklerose

Christian Veauthier
1   Interdisziplinäres Schlafmedizinisches Zentrum, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin
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Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
18. März 2019 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel: Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose (MS) leiden häufig an einer die Lebensqualität deutlich beeinträchtigenden Schlafstörung. Es soll ein Überblick über den gegenwärtigen Stand der Literatur gegeben werden. Material und Methoden: Übersichtsarbeit. Ergebnisse: Mehrere Studien haben bei der MS im Vergleich zur Allgemeinbevölkerung eine erhöhte Prävalenz für ein Restless-legs-Syndrom (RLS) gezeigt, im Besonderen bei MS-Patienten mit einem erhöhten Grad der Behinderung. Rund ein Viertel der MS-Patienten leidet an einer chronischen Insomnie. Es existieren symptomatische Formen der Narkolepsie und der REM-Schlaf-Verhaltensstörung (RBD), am ehesten durch akute Läsionen hervorgerufen. Ob Läsionen auch schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen verursachen können, kann noch nicht ausreichend beurteilt werden. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Beim Neuauftreten einer Narkolepsie oder eines RBD sollte zügig eine kraniale Kernspintomografie mit Kontrastmittel erfolgen. Bei der Behandlung schlafmedizinischer Erkrankungen kommen die von den Fachgesellschaften empfohlenen Behandlungsrichtlinien zur Anwendung (die Behandlung unterscheidet sich bei MS-Patienten nicht grundsätzlich von der Behandlung dieser Erkrankungen in der Allgemeinbevölkerung). MS-Fatigue-Patienten sollten niedrigschwellig eine Polygrafie oder Polysomnografie erhalten.

 

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