Zusammenfassung
Die Papilla nervi optici ist mithilfe der ophthalmoskopischen Untersuchung der visuellen Inspektion zugänglich. Dadurch ist es möglich, bereits im Säuglings- und frühen Kindesalter Papillenveränderungen zu erkennen, die mit angeborenen Fehlbildungen des Gehirns einhergehen können oder durch Tumoren, akute Erkrankungen des Sehnerven oder des Zentralnervensystem verursacht werden.
Abstract
The ophthalmological inspection of the optic disc is possible since the time of birth. Thereby, changes of normal optic disc configuration can already be detected in early infancy. Congenital optic disc anomalies can go along with congenital malformations of the brain or with syndromal systemic diseases. Acquired changes of the optic disc are often caused by tumours or acute diseases of the optic nerve or the central nervous system. Modern imaging techniques permit documentation, quantification and follow-up of optic disc changes. The classification of optic disc changes into congenital anomalies, optic disc prominence and optic atrophy have proved of value for differential diagnosis of their aetiology. This provides a basis for subsequent diagnostic and therapeutic measures which require a close cooperation between paediatrists and ophthalmologists.
Schlüsselwörter
Papilla nervi optici - Papillenfehlbildungen - Stauungspapillen - Optikusatrophie - Kindesalter
Key words
Optic disc anomalies - papilledema - optic atrophy - optic neuritis - childhood
