Labordiagnostik bei entzündlichen Gelenkerkrankungen

Zusammenfassung

Das Labor leistet auf mehreren Gebieten Beiträge in der Primärdiagnostik entzündlicher Gelenkerkrankungen und begleitet zudem auch deren Management im Verlauf. Entzündungsparameter helfen, zwischen primär entzündlichen und nicht entzündlichen rheumatischen Erkrankungen zu unterscheiden, sind allerdings sowohl bei der rheumatoiden Arthritis (RA) als auch bei den Spondyloarthritiden nicht in jedem Fall erhöht. Autoantikörper sind bedeutende Diagnostik-Bausteine vor allem bei der RA sowie bei den Kollagenosen. Die Synovia-Analyse hilft bei der Beurteilung der Entzündungsaktivität und liefert ätiologische Hinweise z. B. bei Kristallarthropathien. Genetische Risikofaktoren für Gelenkerkrankungen sind in großer Zahl bekannt; diagnostisch verwertet wird von diesen aber nur die Bestimmung des HLA-B27-Merkmals in der Diagnostik der Spondyloarthritiden.

Abstract

The laboratory contributes in several ways to the primary diagnosis of inflammatory joint diseases and also accompanies their management during disease course. Inflammatory parameters help to distinguish between primary inflammatory and noninflammatory rheumatic diseases, but are not always elevated in both rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis. Autoantibodies are important diagnostic elements especially in RA and in connective tissue diseases. Synovial analysis aids in the assessment of inflammatory activity and provides etiologic clues, e. g. in crystal arthropathies. Genetic risk factors for joint diseases are known in large numbers; of these, however, only the determination of the HLA-B27 allele in the context of spondyloarthritides is used for diagnostic purpose.

Schlüsselwörter:

Arthritis - Autoantikörper - Synovia-Analyse - HLA-B27

Keywords

Arthritis - autoantibodies - synovial analysis - HLA-B27

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