Körperliche Aktivität und deren Effekte auf das Burn-out-Syndrom – Ein systematisches Review

Zusammenfassung

Das vorliegende Review legt dar, dass regelmäßige körperliche Aktivität einen positiven Einfluss auf die Burn-out-Symptomatik hat. Mittels einer systematischen Literaturrecherche wurden die möglichen Effekte untersucht und die Evidenz mithilfe des Standard Index of Convergence (SIC) bewertet. Der SIC lag in den Längsschnittstudien bei SIC (3)=− 1, während er in den Interventionsstudien bei SIC (6)=− 0,50 lag. Daher ist jeweils von einer moderat starken Evidenz auszugehen, dass körperliche Aktivität einen positiven gesundheitlichen Effekt auf das Burn-out-Syndrom hat. Aufgrund der Heterogenität der Erhebungstools und der Studienlage ist es notwendig, weitere qualitativ hochwertige Studien zur Burn-out-Thematik durchzuführen, um repräsentative Aussagen zu gewährleisten. Unabhängig von den positiven präventiven und therapeutischen Effekten ist die regelmäßige körperliche Aktivität ein grundlegender, jedoch kein alleiniger Ansatzpunkt, um der Erschöpfungssymptomatik vorzubeugen und entgegenzuwirken. Eine ausgewogene Life-Balance (privates Umfeld, berufliches Umfeld und Hygiene der Grundbedürfnisse) ist daher unerlässlich.

ABSTRACT

Physical activity shows preventive and positive treatment effects on burnout syndromes. A systematic literature research was performed to prove possible effects on burnout. Positive effects were found and the Standard Index of Convergence (SIC) showed a moderately strong evidence for both, longitudinal studies SIC (3)=− 1 and interventional studies SCI (6)=− 0.50, that physical activity is suited for threatening burnout syndromes. Because of widespread heterogeneity and difficulties in study comparability, further research is needed. Independent of the positive and preventive effects of physical activity, a good life balance in private and work environment as well as self-care is of fundamental importance. Therefore, a combination of multiple settings, like cognitive training, relaxation exercise, stress management and physical activity seems to be optimal for preventing burnout.

Schlüsselwörter

Burn-out-Syndrom - körperliche Aktivität - Gesundheitsförderung - Prävention - systematisches Review

Key words

Burnout - physical activity - prevention - health promotion - systematic review

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