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Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2019; 236(03): 261-268
DOI: 10.1055/a-0838-5810
Übersicht
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Visuelle Lebensqualität bei starker Sehbehinderung – Messung und Messinstrumente

Vision-related Quality of Life with Low Vision – Assessment and Instruments
Jan Henrik Terheyden
Universitäts-Augenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Bonn
,
Robert Patrick Finger
Universitäts-Augenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Bonn
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Publikationsverlauf

eingereicht 08. Oktober 2018

akzeptiert 06. Dezember 2018

Publikationsdatum:
21. März 2019 (online)

Auch verfügbar auf
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Zusammenfassung

Patientenberichtete Endpunkte wie die Lebensqualität werden zunehmend häufiger in klinischen Studien eingesetzt, um patientenrelevante Aspekte einer Intervention oder eine Funktionsbeeinträchtigung zu messen. Bei Sehverlust erfasst z. B. die visuelle Lebensqualität die individuelle Beeinträchtigung im Alltag. Wichtig bei der Verwendung von Messinstrumenten zu patientenberichteten Endpunkten wie der Lebensqualität sind psychometrische Parameter wie die Reliabilität, Validität und Änderungssensitivität, um sicher sein zu können, dass die mit den jeweiligen Instrumenten erhobenen Daten robust sind. Zur visuellen Lebensqualität existieren zahlreiche allgemeine wie auch erkrankungsspezifische bzw. funktionsspezifische Fragebögen; nicht alle sind jedoch für Patienten mit schwerer Sehbeeinträchtigung geeignet. Zu empfehlen ist derzeit etwa der IVI- oder der NEI-VFQ-Fragebogen, die in einer validierten deutschen Übersetzung vorliegen. Zur breiteren Evaluation dieser Messinstrumente und ggf. der Neuentwicklung von besseren Instrumenten sind jedoch weitere Studien nötig, damit z. B. auch das wachsende Interesse am Einsatz von Patientenfragebögen als Endpunkte in der klinischen Forschung gedeckt werden kann.

Abstract

Patient-reported outcome measures have been met with increasing interest, particularly in clinical research. They are used to capture the patient-relevant impact of an intervention or a loss of function. In patients with loss of vision, vision-related quality of life is assessed in order to quantify the impact of visual impairment in everyday life. When using quality of life instruments, psychometric characteristics – such as reliability, validity and responsiveness – are of great importance to ensure that the collected data are robust. There are various questionnaires to assess health-related quality of life, vision-related quality of life or visual function, but not all of these are suitable for patients with very low vision. The IVI and NEI VFQ questionnaires are available in German and can be used to assess vision-related quality of life. However, additional studies to evaluate these instruments and refinement or development of novel tools are needed to better meet the growing interest in using patient-reported outcomes as clinical study endpoints.

Schlüsselwörter

Lebensqualität - patientenberichtete Endpunkte - Messung - Sehbehinderung - Visusminderung

Key words

quality of life - patient-reported outcome - measurement - vision impairment - low vision
 

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