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DOI: 10.1055/a-0858-0138
Birth Lacerations in Different Genital Compartments and their Effect on Maternal Subjective Outcome: A Prospective Observational Study
Geburtsverletzungen in verschiedenen genitalen Kompartimenten und deren Effekt auf das subjektive maternale Befinden: eine prospektive ObservationsstudiePublication History
received 30 October 2018
accepted 06 February 2019
Publication Date:
11 April 2019 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/zgn/201906/lookinside/thumbnails/10-2018-0209_10-1055-a-0858-0138-1.jpg)
Abstract
Introduction Lacerations are common in vaginal births, but little is known about tears other than perineal tears and their association with maternal impairment. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and distribution of birth lacerations and their association with maternal discomfort.
Methods From 2/2015 to 12/2016, we conducted a prospective observational study on 140 women with singletons in vertex presentation at term, who gave birth vaginally in our center and were affected by a laceration. The lacerations were assigned objectively and subjectively to eight genital tract compartments. The presence and effect of lacerations on maternal health were assessed by questionnaires for the time before birth (T1), 1–4 days (T2), and 6–8 weeks postpartum (T3).
Results The number of affected compartments was 1.33 objectively and 2.99 at T2 and 1.27 at T3 subjectively. The most affected compartment was the right perineum (73%) followed by the right inner posterior (21%) and the right outer anterior (14%) compartment. Subjective and objective assessment concurred in 83% at T2 and 69% of cases at T3. Overall, impairment of women was low, reversible, and not directly associated with the location of lacerations, although women were psychologically affected.
Conclusion Birth lacerations predominantly appear at the right perineum. Physical impairment from these lacerations is generally low, reversible, and not directly associated with the location of lacerations, although psychological impairment is not negligible.
Zusammenfassung
Einführung Verletzungen bei vaginalen Geburten sind häufig, jedoch ist wenig hinsichtlich anderer Verletzungen als am Damm und deren Assoziation zu maternalen Beschwerden bekannt. Ziel der Studie war die Evaluation der Häufigkeit und Verteilung von Geburtsverletzungen und deren Assoziation zu maternalen Beschwerden.
Methode In einer prospektiven Observationsstudie evaluierten wir von 2/2015–12/2016 140 Frauen mit Einlingsschwangerschaften in Schädellage ab 37+0 SSW, welche in unserer Klinik gebaren und dabei Geburtsverletzungen erlitten. Die Verletzungen wurden objektiv und durch die Patientin selbst acht genitalen Kompartimenten zugeordnet und ihre Assoziation zu maternalen Beschwerden mittels Fragebögen präpartal (T1), 1–4 Tage (T2) sowie 6–8 Wochen postpartal (T3) ermittelt.
Ergebnisse Die Anzahl betroffener Kompartimente war objektiv 1.33 und subjektiv 2.99 an T2 und 1.27 an T3. Das häufigste betroffene war das Perineum rechts (73%), gefolgt vom rechten inneren hinteren (21%) und dem rechten äusseren vorderen Kompartiment (14%). Eine Übereinstimmung zwischen objektiver und subjektiver Zuordnung bestand zu 83% bei T2 und zu 69% bei T3. Insgesamt waren die Beeinträchtigungen gering, reversibel und nicht direkt mit der Lokalisation der Beschwerden assoziiert, jedoch zeigten sich die Frauen psychisch beeinträchtigt.
Schlussfolgerung Geburtsverletzungen treten v. a. im Bereich des Perineums rechts auf. Die physische Beeinträchtigung durch diese Beschwerden ist gering, reversibel und nicht direkt assoziiert zur Lokalisation der Verletzung, jedoch ist eine psychische Beeinträchtigung gegeben.
Schlüsselwörter
Geburtsverletzungen - genitale Kompartimente - maternales Outcome - vaginale Geburt - Damm-
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