Sonografie peripherer Nerven: Tumore und Ganglien peripherer Nerven

Zusammenfassung

Die Sonografie wird häufig als Methode der ersten Wahl zur Untersuchung von tastbaren Raumforderungen der Extremitäten angewendet. Tumore peripherer Nerven können unterteilt werden in periphere Nervenscheidentumore wie Schwannome und Neurofibrome, die von spezifischem neuralen Gewebe ausgehen, und in solche, die von unspezifischem Gewebe des Nervs ausgehen. Zur zweiten Gruppe gehören nervale Fibrolipome, intraneurale Perineuriome, Hämangiome und auch intraneurale Ganglien. Der folgende Artikel hat zum Ziel, eine Übersicht über die typischen sonografischen Befunde sowie über den Zusatznutzen der Sonografie gegenüber der elektrophysiologischen Untersuchung von Tumoren und Ganglien von peripheren Nerven zu geben.

Abstract

Ultrasonography is frequently regarded as the method of choice for the examination of palpable soft-tissue masses at the limbs. Peripheral neurogenic tumors can be divided into peripheral nerve sheath tumors like schwannoma or neurofibroma, which derive from specific neural tissue, and in those deriving from non-specific neural tissue. The latter group comprises neural fibrolipoma, intraneural perineurioma, hemangioma and also nerve sheath ganglia. This article aims to provide an overview of the typical sonographic findings and of the additional diagnostic value of sonography compared with electrodiagnostic studies in tumors and ganglia of peripheral nerves.

Schlüsselwörter

Sonografie, periphere Nerven - Nervenscheidentumore - Ganglien

Key words

sonography of peripheral nerves - nerve sheath tumor - ganglia

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