Gastroösophageale Varizen – Update 2020 zu Prophylaxe und Therapie

50 – 60% aller gastrointestinalen Blutungen (GIB) sind im oberen Gastrointestinaltrakt (GIT) lokalisiert. Sie werden in nicht variköse (z. B. Ulkusblutung), variköse (Ösophagus- und Magenvarizen) und tumoröse Blutungen eingeteilt. Die varikösen Blutungen und Blutungen bei portaler Hypertension stellen lebensgefährliche Ereignisse dar. Dieser Beitrag gibt ein Update zu Pathophysiologie, Therapie und Prognose gastroösophagealer Varizen.

Schlüsselwörter

variköse Blutung - Ösophagusvarizen - Magenvarizen - endoskopische Blutstillung - Leberzirrhose

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