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Planta Med 2020; 86(02): 144-150
DOI: 10.1055/a-1037-4051
Natural Product Chemistry and Analytical Studies
Original Papers
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Development and Validation of a UHPLC-PDA-MS Method for the Quantitative Analysis of Anthraquinones in Bulbine natalensis Extracts and Dietary Supplements

Ji-Yeong Bae‡
1   National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
,
Bharathi Avula‡
1   National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
,
Yan-Hong Wang
1   National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
,
Mei Wang
1   National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
,
Zulfiqar Ali
1   National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
,
Alvaro M. Viljeon
2   Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
3   SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
,
Ikhlas A. Khan
1   National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
4   Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
› Author AffiliationsSupported by: U.S. Food and Drug Administration 2U01FD004246-06
Supported by: U.S. Department of Agriculture 58-606-6-015
Further Information

Publication History

received 05 April 2019
revised 21 October 2019

accepted 25 October 2019

Publication Date:
25 November 2019 (online)

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Abstract

A UHPLC-photodiode array-MS method was developed and validated for the quantification of one chromone and six anthraquinone type of compounds from Bulbine natalensis plant samples and dietary supplements. Metabolites

1 – 

7 were identified based on their retention times and electrospray ionization-MS spectra compared with a mix of previously isolated compounds. The quantification of

1 – 

7 was based on photodiode array detection. The optimized separation was achieved using a CORTECS C18 column with a gradient of water/acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Seven compounds were separated within 15 minutes with detection limits of 50 pg on the column. The analytical method was validated for linearity, repeatability, accuracy, limits of detection, and limits of quantification. The relative standard deviations for intra- and inter-day experiments were less than 5% and the recovery efficiency was 98 – 101%. Nine dietary supplements labeled as containing B. natalensis were examined. Anthraquinone-type compounds were detected in only five out of nine dietary supplements, with the total amount ranging from 11.3 to 90.4 mg per daily dose. The analytical method is simple, economic, rapid, and can be applied for quality assessment of B. natalensis and dietary supplements. Electrospray ionization-MS was used for the identification of these compounds in plant samples and dietary products.

Key words

Bulbine natalensis - Asphodelaceae - anthraquinones - dietary supplements - UHPLC-PDA-MS

Supporting Information

    UV and ESI (−) mass spectra of compounds 1 – 7 as well as contents of the individual compounds in the dietary supplements are provided as Supporting Information.

  • Supporting Information
 

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