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DOI: 10.1055/a-1087-8303
Antiviral Activity of a Arisaema Tortuosum Leaf Extract and Some of its Constituents against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2
Gefördert durch: Silvana Legnani
Publikationsverlauf
received 18. Juli 2019
revised 19. Dezember 2019
accepted 31. Dezember 2019
Publikationsdatum:
22. Januar 2020 (online)
Abstract
Infections caused by HSV-2 are a public health concern worldwide, and there is still a great demand for the discovery of novel anti-herpes virus agents effective against strains resistant to current antiviral agents. In this context, medicinal plants represent an alternative source of active compounds for developing efficient antiviral therapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiviral activity of Arisaema tortuosum, a plant used in the traditional medicine of India. A chloroform soluble fraction of the leaves exhibited anti-HSV-2 activity with a selectivity index of 758. The extract was also active against acyclovir-resistant HSV-2 and HSV-1. The mechanism of action of the extract was investigated evidencing inhibition of both early and late events of the HSV-2 replicative cycle. A HPLC-PDA-MS/MS analysis showed the presence of flavonoids including apigenin and luteolin in the chloroform extract (CE). Apigenin and luteolin showed a high inhibitory activity with EC50 values of 0.05 and 0.41 µg/mL, respectively. Both compounds exhibited antiviral activity when added up to 6 h post infection and were able to reduce the viral progeny production. In addition, apigenin interfered with cell-to-cell virus spread.
Supporting Information
- Supporting Information
UV spectrum, mass spectrum, and PIS analysis of the main peak in the extract (Fig. 1S); evaluation of inactivation of HSV-2 particles by apigenin and luteolin (Fig. 2S); HSV-2 attachment and entry assays for apigenin and luteolin (Fig. 3S); schematic representation of the extraction procedure adopted for A. tortuosum leaves and tubers (Fig. 4S); and SRM profiles of luteolin and apigenin (Fig. 5S) are available as Supporting Information.
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